Table 1 - Methods for diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)-related pulmonary disease
From the following article
Gastroesophageal reflux and asthma
Stephen J. Sontag and Susan M. Harding
GI Motility online (2006)
doi:10.1038/gimo47
| Methods | Goal | Potential mechanism | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sputum inspection for lipid-laden alveolar macrophages | Document lipids in lung from gastric aspiration | Microaspiration | Nussbaum et al. 198784 Corwin et al. 198585 |
| Scintigraphic technetium monitoring | Document pulmonary aspiration of gastric contents | Microaspiration | Reich et al. 197786 Ghaed et al. 197987 Chernow et al. 197988 |
| Esophageal acid infusion and ambulatory pH-testing | Provoke vagally mediated bronchoconstriction and document acid reflux into esophagus | Vagal reflex and potential microaspiration | Euler et al. 197989 Martin et al. 198290 Jolley et al. 198191 Donald et al. 198792 Pellegrini et al. 197993 Patti et al. 1992 94 Wiener et al. 198895 Avidan et al. 200196 |
| Radiographic readings (retrospective) | Document presence of hiatal hernia and barium reflux | Potential microaspiration | Mays et al. 197624 Mays et al. 1976127 |
| Patient questionnaire | Document time-related GER and pulmonary symptoms | Vagal reflex or microaspiration | Perrin-Fayolle et al. 198012 Sontag et al. 200413 Field et al. 1996 14 Kiljander et al. 200415 |
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