Table 1 - Factors contributing to esophageal mucosal defense against luminal acid
From the following article
Esophageal mucosal defense mechanisms
Roy C. Orlando
GI Motility online (2006)
doi:10.1038/gimo15
| Preepithelial defense |
| Mucus layer |
| Unstirred water layer |
| Surface bicarbonate ion concentration |
| Epithelial defense |
| Structures |
| Cell membranes |
| Apical membrane |
| Basolateral membrane |
| Intercellular junctional complex |
| Tight junctions |
| Zonula adherens |
| Glycoconjugate matrix |
| Functions |
| Epithelial transport |
| Nonselective cation channels |
| Na+/H+ exchanger |
| Na+-dependent Cl-/HCO3- exchanger |
| Buffers: Intracellular and extracellular |
| Bicarbonate |
| Proteins |
| Phosphates |
| Cell repair |
| Cell restitution |
| Cell replication |
| Postepithelial defense |
| Blood flow |
| Tissue acid–base status |
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