The transcriptomic plasticity conferred by post-transcriptional regulation is a fundamental mechanism driving the diversity of proteomes in biological systems.

In this Special Features, the reviews are written by experts in the field of tracer methodology or fluxomics that reveals the dynamic status of metabolism in vivo and deal with the basic principles and applications of the methodologies to various metabolic research fields (e.g., protein, lipid, lactate, and other nutrient metabolism in relation to normal and pathophysiology).

Over last decades obese populations continue to increase worldwide and obesity-related diseases will be an increasing threat to human health unless we find effective ways to prevent and manage obesity.

Over the last decade, adult stem cell-derived organoid systems have extended into diverse fields of biomedical science: the applications range from use as a model system for the basic biology of internal organs to a new platform for human biology, enabling the live biobanking of patient samples of cancer and other diseases, genetic engineering, image-based screening, genomics and studies of infect