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Einstein relations in non-equilibrium active matter systems break upon increase of fluctuations and changes in the system’s dissipative properties. By observing the tapping collisions of a tracer in a bath of vibrationally excited active granular particles, the authors propose a generalized active Einstein relation accounting for memory effects.
Tunable optical frequency combs are a flexible solution for applications in optics, but they are typically limited in reconfigurability or simplicity of the We agree to use the draft summary by the editor. setups. The authors present a frequency comb platform exploiting electrooptic modulation and nonlinear AlGaAs-on-insulator waveguide, ensuring reconfigurability and fast-switched repetition rates.
The Weyl semimetal represents a distinctive topological state of matter, yet understanding its behaviour in thin films remains challenging, despite its significance for device applications. The authors reveal the layer number dependence of the band topology and transport properties in atomically thin films of a ferromagnetic Weyl semimetal, Co shandite.
Vessel compression is reported as a cause of tumour tissue hypoxia, in turn related to reduced treatment efficacy and increased metastases. The authors investigate computationally how vessel compression affects blood flow in microvascular networks, detecting a reduced haematocrit value upon compression of the vessels and an increased haematocrit heterogeneity, postulating a causal relationship with the presence of tumour hypoxia.
Sedimentation is the settling under the action of gravity of particles suspended in a viscous fluid, a process that is influenced by many physical effects. Here the authors investigate the sedimentation of an achiral particle, a rigid U-shaped disk, in a regime where inertia is negligible and find evidence of chiral trajectories whose handedness is determined by the disk’s initial orientation rather than its shape.
Reservoir computing uses networks of interacting components to provide a flexible framework for decision-making, control, and signal processing, but the implementation is complicated by inherent parameter variabilities and uncertainties. The authors design a reservoir of FitzHugh-Nagumo oscillators exhibiting critical behavior and robustness across a wide range of resistive coupling strengths.
Editors Summary: Amorphous photonic structures offer a unique platform for studying unique optical transport phenomena in random media. The authors examine both experimentally and theoretically TE (in-plane) polarized near-infrared light in amorphous structures, demonstrating isotropic and asymmetric bandgaps, Anderson-like localized states at the midgap, and readily available practical waveguide structures.
The newly-synthesised α-RuI3 has a much-debated ground state. Here, the authors demonstrate, using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, that RuI3 is a moderately correlated metal with an electronic band structure not having any in-plane symmetry, introducing the concept of pseudochirality to describe a similar band structure.
When an energetic charged particle or photon is incident on a material, matter-antimatter pairs, such as electron-positron pairs, can be created. Here, the authors successfully generate charge-neutral GeV electron-positron beams using a multi-petawatt laser via pair production from the bremsstrahlung gamma rays.
The use of nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in diamond is a powerful approach for quantum sensing and can enhance the sensitivity of other techniques such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Here, the authors present a dynamic nuclear polarization technique, which enhances the efficiency of polarisation transfer from the NV centre at volumes suitable for NMR without being disrupted by other defects within the diamond.
Electronic state control using periodic light fields called Floquet engineering is a central topic in photophysics. The authors demonstrate an example of Floquet engineering, in which intramolecular vibrational excitation by a mid-infrared pulse in a molecular solid K-TCNQ induces a charge-spin modulated Floquet state synchronized with intramolecular vibration, destabilizing the spin Peierls phase.
Charge-4e transport could be useful for realizing parity-protected superconducting qubits. In this work, the authors demonstrated the controlled conversion between charge-2e dominated and charge-4e dominated supercurrent in a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) fabricated in an InAs two-dimensional electron gas proximitized by the vicinity to an epitaxial Al layer.
The reduced dimensions of 2D materials increase the strength of electron-electron correlations and hence they can be used as a platform to engineer exotic physical states such as Dirac semimetals. Here, using first-principles calculations, the authors investigate the mechanical properties of β12-B5H3, as well as possible Dirac semimetal and phonon-mediated superconducting phases.
The common probes for cold atoms systems are typically global and do not provide direct information on the local spatial structure of states, limiting the insight on disordered and quasiperiodic systems. The authors demonstrate a local probe able to distinguish metallic and insulating states in an energy-resolved manner.
Materials hosting magnetic rare-earth ions sitting on a two-dimensional triangular lattices are ideal candidates to realize spin liquid states. In this work, the authors synthesize a high-quality single crystal sample of an erbium based triangular lattice compound, that exhibits a mixture of ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic behaviour.
In this work, metasurface-based perfect vortex beams (MPVBs) featuring topological charges (TCs) of −32 and 16 have been successfully manufactured. As one of the tremendous phenomena in quantum mechanics, the fancy optical eraser experiment by integrating these MPVBs has also been successfully demonstrated in this study.
The study of frustrated magnet systems has unveiled a range of novel physical phenomena and continues to attract interest for in fields such as quantum spin liquid theory and high-temperature superconductors. Here, the authors use ab-initio calculations and a spin-wave analysis to demonstrate that an order-from-disorder phenomenon contributes to the columnar antiferromagnet ordering of BaCoS2.
Narrow-gap semiconductors with gate-controllable spin-splitting provide an ideal platform for novel spintronic and topological devices. The authors observe a large spontaneous spin-splitting energy, reaching 18 meV and widely tunable by a gate voltage, in an InAs quantum well that is magnetically proximitized by a ferromagnetic semiconductor (Ga,Fe)Sb.
Migdal-Eliashberg theory is a method for describing conventional superconductors. Here, the authors present an implementation that goes beyond the widely used constant density of states approximation by accommodating scattering processes beyond the Fermi surface, and they show its importance in two classes of near room temperature superhydrides.
Impedance theory grants insight to design metasurfaces for controlling acoustic fields, but such theory imposes great limitation on boundary conditions. The authors propose a generalized acoustic impedance theory connecting arbitrarily conservative acoustic fields, and design a beam splitter as an example of power flow processing.
