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Leong et al. develop a generative deep learning model that produces analyzable dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans from 3D body surface scans. Model-generated DXA scans are analyzed using clinical commercial software and yield accurate quantities of fat, lean, and bone mass for total body and body subregions.
Ikeguchi et al. established nerve conduits from three patients’ dermal fibroblasts using a bioprinter and transplanted them back into the patients’ nerve defects. No adverse events occurred, and the nerves recovered following the transplant.
Ahmad, Lim, Morieri, Tam et al perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of biomarkers, genetic markers, and risk scores for prediction of cardiovascular outcomes in Type 2 diabetes. A few prognostic markers are identified that provide incremental predictive utility beyond established cardiovascular risk factors.
Mahalingam et al. report findings from a first-in-human dose escalation study of the tumor microenvironment modulator VT1021 in patients with advanced solid tumors. VT1021 is found to be safe and well tolerated and the recommended phase II dose is established based on pharmacokinetic/dynamic properties and preliminary clinical activities.
Semnani-Azad et al. review the evidence on prognostic factors that predict cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes for women, and cardiometabolic profile in offspring subsequent to gestational diabetes. The evidence was of low quality, but some maternal characteristics were predictive of unfavourable outcomes in women and their offspring.
Nittas et al. discuss the importance of cultural adaptations in eliminating systemic exclusion of traditionally underserved cultural groups to minimize barriers to accessing digital healthcare interventions. They outline the existing challenges of the digital divide and provide recommendations to overcome them.
Van Rijthoven et al. develop a deep learning algorithm to quantify tertiary lymphoid structures in cancer histopathology images. Their open access algorithm can facilitate objective, reproducible and automated detection of organized tumor immune infiltrates for the development of prognostic and predictive biomarkers and for basic research.
Batan et al. show that inhibiting the antiangiogenic VEGF165b isoform activates a previously unrecognized miR-17-20a-RCAN3 pathway that induces ischemic endothelial cell angiogenic capacity and promotes M2-like macrophage polarization to achieve perfusion recovery in murine peripheral artery disease (PAD) model.
Lauffer et al. discuss the possibilities that antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) approaches can bring to treating rare genetic diseases. The authors outline considerations and barriers to their implementation, and how these might be overcome.
Kerensky et al. quantify tension across human spinal cords in computational simulations, a cadaveric benchtop model, and a neurosurgical case series. Their direct methodology successfully differentiates stretched spinal cords from healthy states in all sub-studies.
Thomas et al. present a model that integrates household survey and health system data to estimate subnational circumcision coverage in South Africa during scale-up for HIV prevention. Results show considerable, but heterogenous, progress towards increasing circumcision coverage, identifying priority ages and districts to reach national targets.
Aggarwal et al. develop a computational pathology tool to quantitatively characterize the immune-collagen relationship in gynecological cancers. The tool enables the prognostic stratification of patients and provides insights into the biology of the tumor microenvironment.
Zhang et al. discuss how artificial intelligence (AI) can be used to optimize clinical trial design and potentially boost the success rate of clinical trials. AI has unparalleled potential to leverage real-world data and unlock valuable insights for innovative trial design.
Carson et al. analyze survey data collected in early 2022 through YouGov internet panels in seven middle-income countries. In six out of seven countries other respiratory illness was perceived to be a more serious problem than COVID-19.
Zhou et al. analyze leisure time physical activity and self-reported mental health in people of different ages in China. Exercise is associated with better mental health, even if exercise is of moderate intensity.
Minor et al. present and evaluate a quantitative approach to measuring metabolic turnover of 13C-acetate during isolated perfusion to ascertain the quality of porcine donor kidneys. This approach effectively discriminates varying degrees of organ graft quality, where conventional renal function tests are ineffective.
Mellor et al. introduce a new method for forecasting hospital admissions with seasonal influenza in a resurgent season that can be used to inform policy makers. The developed generalized additive model shows improved performance over other time series approaches when scored using probabilistic methods.
Papanastasiou et al. develop a deep learning-based method to identify combined immunodeficiencies (CID) and common variable immunodeficiencies (CVID) from large-scale electronic health record data. Distinctive combinations of antecedent phenotypes associated with CID/CVID are identified that could improve early diagnosis.