Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain
the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in
Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles
and JavaScript.
An equatorward shift in the Asian Westerly Jet Stream attributable to high levels of anthropogenic sulfate aerosol in South and East Asia favours the moisture supply from low-latitudes and moisture flux convergence over arid Central Asia, according to multi-model data analysis.
Summer sea ice retreat in the high latitude North Atlantic since 2000 is associated with increases in oceanic emissions of dimethyl sulfide, according to a record of methane sulfonic acid fluxes from an ice core in southeast Greenland.
The simultaneous abandonment of wells at ancient cities near the Salawusu River, China, was likely caused by a stream capture event rather than climatic change, according to geomorphological observations and the reconstruction of ancient stream channels.
Microbial extracellular polymeric substance networks promote accumulation of Mg-rich clay which in turn serves as a substrate for carbonate precipitation in saline lakes and ponds of Salar de Llamara, according to microstructural observations of microbial mat samples.
Rates of increase in sulfur fertiliser use have outpaced other nutrients to compensate for reductions in atmospheric sulfur deposition due to improved air quality, according to an analysis of fertiliser sales and atmospheric nutrient deposition fluxes in the Midwest USA between 1985 and 2015.
Interactions between the monsoon and decadal oscillations in the Pacific and Atlantic have influenced the multidecadal variability of precipitation in eastern China over the past 1150 years, according to stable oxygen isotope records from three stalagmites.
The deepening of the Drake Passage cooled Antarctic coasts and increased the temperature gradient between Australia and Antarctica which ultimately enhanced thermal isolation of the Antarctic Ice sheet, according to biomarker derived temperature records and simulation output.
Jet engine lubrication oil is an efficient nucleation agent that likely contributes to high levels of ultrafine particles near airports contributing to poor air quality, suggest laboratory thermodenuder experiments and observations near Frankfurt International Airport.
In about 30 to 40% of the global ocean, including most of the Southern Hemisphere, mean and extreme wave heights have increased in magnitude between 1980 and 2014, according to a multiproduct ensemble of historical global wave climate assessments.
The eruption of the submarine Hunga volcano in January 2022 led to a 13% increase in global stratospheric water mass and a 5-fold increase in stratospheric aerosol load, according to satellite data complemented by ground-based observations and atmospheric transport modelling.
Agulhas leakage increased in the 1960s through the 1980s but, despite the continued strengthening of the Southern Hemisphere westerlies, has not substantially increased in the 1990s and 2000s, according to observation- and model-based estimates.
Reduced carbonate precipitation rates and ocean acidification precede Ocean Anoxic Event 2 and coincide with the emplacement of large igneous provinces, suggest calcium isotopic analyses of malformed foraminifera
The 2022 Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai eruption involved multiple eruptive pulses and ice-rich umbrella plumes which dispersed at altitudes up to 31 km, according to satellite remote sensing observations.
The magnitude and frequency of extreme tropical cyclone precipitation has increased in the southeastern US between 1948 and 2019, and population exposure has been exacerbated by development in some hotspots, suggest observational data on precipitation, combined with a social exposure index.
Carbon dioxide emissions from oxic-anoxic transitional soil layers in a drained peatland are less sensitive to warming than emissions from oxic surface and anoxic deep soil layers, according to a laboratory-based incubation experiment of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau peatland soils.
National climate strategies focus on enhancing terrestrial carbon sinks and largely fail to quantify residual emissions, according to analyses of 41 of 50 submitted strategies to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.
Climate models with a large present-day Indo-Pacific warm pool project a weak Walker circulation and associated intense future rainfall in the central-to-eastern tropical Pacific, suggests an analysis of simulations with a suite of climate models.
The viability of green hydrogen projects can be assessed using the proposed multi-level integrated framework of open-source tools that enables quantitative and qualitative comparison of the green hydrogen production potential and generation costs of different sites, as demonstrated by a case study in Australia.
The transition of gold nanoparticles to gold-bearing veinlets could occur by solid-state pipe-diffusion and elemental migration from the interior of pyrite grains to the surfaces, according to direct observations and density functional theory calculations
Agricultural ponds in the USA and Australia emit nearly double the amount of methane reported in their national greenhouse gas inventories, according to estimates derived from a combination of flux measurements from the literature and observations.