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Anti-repeaters – earthquakes that happen in the same location but with opposite focal mechanisms – are widespread but under-recognised and likely result from fluid migration processes, suggests a synthesis of observations of these phenomena from a range of tectonic environments.
Inputs of radionuclides to the marine environment will be impacted by climate change, thus there is a pressing need to understand the existing and potential sources of radionuclides to assess the implications of climate change impacts, suggests a literature synthesis of radionuclide sources.
The complex signals which precede large earthquake mainshocks highlight a juxtaposition of diverse driving mechanisms and the important influence of boundary conditions, according to a synthesis of recent developments in observing seismic and geodetic earthquake precursor signals.
A synthesis of microbiological studies on young volcanic deposits examines the opportunities these habitats represent to study microbial community development in extreme conditions including, potentially, the past environment of Mars.
Plastics need to be used more sustainably in agricultural practice, for example by recovery and reuse, and by selected application of safe biodegradable plastics and phasing out of toxic additives, suggests a literature synthesis and perspective on structural polymers in agriculture.
Weather-related disasters result from complex interactions between vulnerability and exposure through inequality, economic pressure and conflict and intensifying weather extremes in a changing climate, and they should be reported accordingly, suggest a synthesis of the causes and impacts of disasters in 2021 and 2022.
Knowledge of past changes in permafrost thaw and associated carbon pools and releases can shed light on future permafrost stability and feedback on climate in a warming future, a systematic review of past permafrost dynamics suggests.
The overturning circulation in the South Atlantic Ocean is driven by winds, pressure and density gradients, interocean exchanges, and eddies that vary spatially and temporally. A synthesis of observations reveals that waters that engage in this circulation are experiencing pronounced warming.
Margin sediments and rivers are the most significant sources of copper binding ligands in the ocean while sedimentation, microbial uptake and photochemical degradation are the major sinks, suggests a synthesis of research on the cycling of copper ligands in the oceans.
The compositional fingerprint of petit-spot magmas represents an enriched mantle source and carbonatitic or carbonated silicate melts below the oceanic lithosphere, suggests a synthesis of geochemical analyses on petit-spot volcanism.
Multiple climate contributors to fire risk in southeast Australia have led to an increase in fire extent and intensity over the past decades that will likely continue into the future, suggests a synthesis of climate variability, long-term trends and palaeoclimatic evidence.
Human energy consumption and productivity have steeply risen around 1950 CE, leading to a departure from the Earth’s Holocene state into the Anthropocene, suggests a quantitative analysis of humanity’s influence on the Earth system.
