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In Pennsylvania, incomes are lower in communities with streams damaged by abandoned mine drainage, but these streams could be protected cost-effectively, according to an analysis combining demographic, economic, hydrological, and cost data.

An 8-year-long observational study of Lake Dziani Dzaha in Mayotte, an analog for the Proterozoic ocean, suggests seismo-volcanic events can perturb geochemical variables and trigger shifts in the composition and structure of the microbiome.

“Subsurface bacteria and archaea in the Guaymas Basin, Gulf of California, thrive within a wide range of sediments and temperature conditions, according to geobiological, geochemical, and mineralogical studies on microbial populations and sediment samples.”

The unrest and surface deformation observed at Campi Flegrei caldera (Italy) between 2007 and 2023 are driven by magma ascent to depths shallower than eight kilometers, according to combined geodetic and petrologic simulations.

In the coastal temperate rainforests of western North America, the reduction of forest loss by improved management and conservation could reduce forest greenhouse gas emissions, according to an analysis using global forest carbon stocks and flux models and landownership data.

The authors of the IPCC Assessment Report are skeptical that warming can be limited below 2 degrees Celsius according to the survey of 211 experts and statistical analysis.

Total precipitation, temperature and soil nitrogen are the main drivers of gross primary productivity in dry rangelands in sub-Saharan Africa, with more variable rainfall having a small but negative impact, according to analysis of remote sensing datasets using generalised additive models.

The global demand for lithium is projected to reach 1.93 million metric tons in 2050 compared to the demand in 2023, but the global implementation of recycling policies has the potential to reduce its consumption, as suggested by a bottom-up framework studying the projections of the global supply and demand of lithium for the next decades.

Indirect moisture injections to the stratosphere after a Pinatubo-sized volcanic eruption could be comparable to direct injection observed after the 2022 Hunga Tonga eruptions, according to a quantification based on the warming of the lowest cold-point temperatures in the tropical tropopause layer.

High-intensity rainfall and drought reduced potato yield on farm level in the Netherlands by 36% and 13%, respectively, and accounted for 98% of between-year yield differences, according to a causal statistical analysis applied to potato production data between 2015 and 2020.

The contribution of microbial phosphorus cycling to the dissolved phosphate concentration increases along a groundwater flow path from oxic to anoxic conditions, according to groundwater and sediment sampling in the Hetao Basin, China and stable oxygen isotope ratio analysis.

Vegetation, albedo and temperature relationships vary across space and time over Africa, and cooling effects are greater in semi-arid environments than in tropical forests and humid areas, according to satellite-based time series analyses.

About 6000 to 7000 years ago, upwelling and precipitation were highly seasonal in East China; summers were likely wetter, while winter dry seasons were longer compared to current conditions, based on high-resolution geochemical records of oyster shells from the Yangtze River delta, China.

The Antarctic ice sheet meltwater impacts Atlantic meridional overturning circulation by cooling surface and shifting Intertropical Convergence Zone northward, causing increased precipitation, lower salinity, and reduced circulation strength in the northern tropical Atlantic, according to results from an ocean-atmosphere coupled general circulation model.

The formation of bioavailable phosphorous under moderate and high-temperature metamorphic conditions was a potential pathway for the synthesis of organic molecules necessary for the origin of life, according to laboratory experiments and thermodynamic modeling.

Single-crystal paleointensity measurements of Apollo samples suggest that if the Moon’s core produced a magnetic field, it disappeared by 4.36 billion years ago, possibly allowing a record of Earth’s Hadean atmosphere to be preserved in the lunar regolith.

Saphire mining at Bemainty, Madagascar in 2016, had limited impacts on the surrounding forest loss and degradation relative to other threats, according to an analysis combining mapping method with informal miners’ interviews and survey of lemurs.

The microbial process of methane oxidation is slow due to energy limitations in environments exposed to low methane concentrations, but understanding limiting factors may help to enhance rates of atmospheric methane removal, according to a review of ecological and evolutionary aspects.

The Barium to Calcium ratio is an ideal proxy for studying rainfall-driven prior carbonate precipitation in slow growing aragonite speleothems, suggests a high-resolution geochemical study of drip water samples from Grotte de Piste, Morocco.