The orbital pathways of numerically simulated impact-ejecta launched from the Moon suggest that Kamo’oalewa could have originated this way, the most likely conditions being a launch from the trailing side of the Moon at just above Lunar escape velocity

Soil microbial community compositions respond to the presence of kimberlite ore minerals under laboratory conditions and in real-world field settings, suggesting that microbial DNA sequencing could be used to detect buried kimberlites.

Projected rise in temperature, changes in precipitation patterns and cropland management across Europe will probably compromise soil integrity and multifunctionality, according to an analysis of soil samples from observational data and a large-scale field experiment

Increases in tree biodiversity lead to lower concentrations of biogenic volatile organic compounds, but no clear effect on biogenic secondary organic aerosols, suggests an evaluation of the links between biodiversity and biogenic emissions and experimental data from ten plots in Germany.

Terrestrial ecosystems in China have become more sensitive to declining water demand, changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration, and solar radiation over the past two decades, suggests an analysis of vegetation productivity data using explainable machine learning over the period 2001–2021.

Hurricane Larry deposited substantial amounts of microplastic particles over Newfoundland, Canada in 2021, probably derived from the garbage patch in the North Atlantic gyre, according to sample collection and analysis as well as back-trajectory modelling.

Forest management practices implemented in the Luhansk region during the creation of the Emerald Network have maintained reforestation rates in Ukrainian-controlled territories despite the war, according to an analysis of tree cover changes between 1996 and 2020 derived from satellite data.

Large container seaports have expanded seaward rapidly since 1990 through coastal land reclamation, but the relationship between expansion and container throughput volume varies by the individual ports, according to a geospatial analysis of global satellite images and maritime trade data.

Satellite-derived leaf area and survey-based agricultural data indicate that dry season irrigation contributes to India’s greening, however land surface models struggle to accurately reproduce the greening trend and its drivers.

Blue carbon will not solve climate change. The effect is too small; existing sediment carbon stock is a liability; and there is a timescale mismatch between ancient fossil fuel emissions and uptake by vegetation. Clearer communication would support informed decision-making.

Deforestation and climate change threaten social and ecological well-being in Amazonia. Research co-produced through ethical collaborations across multiple knowledge systems can contribute toward just and sustainable futures for the region.

The role of law and policy in encouraging a sustainable global diet is often underestimated. I argue that targeted laws and environmental policy are key to bring the agricultural sector on the path towards sustainability.

Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR) is a key element of any mitigation strategy aiming to achieve the long-term temperature goal of the Paris Agreement, as well as national net-zero and net-negative greenhouse gas emissions targets. For robust CDR policy, the credibility of certification schemes is essential.

Unmanaged land areas are not included in current national reports on greenhouse gas emissions for the Paris Agreement. Here, we argue that carbon dioxide fluxes from all forest land need to be recorded in order to help tracking progress towards global climate targets.

The drivers of trends in methane concentrations in the atmosphere over past decades are still poorly understood. Simulations from a chemistry transport model and box model show that human activity is the main driver of a complex system.