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The eye is a remarkable organ, and the body makes a lot of effort to keep it clear to allow the best possible vision. When infection, injury or an inherited disease disrupts natural regeneration, this can result in pain, inflammation and potentially loss of vision. This Outline introduces the limbal stem cells that naturally regenerate the surface of the cornea, describes the surgical procedures that can help to regenerate the surface of the eye when it’s damaged and gives a flavour of future research directions.
Loss of the stem cells that constantly renew the surface of the cornea causes pain and, in some cases, blindness. Advances in transplantation and cell culture are helping to restore vision to even the most severely affected people.