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Dietary and lifestyle interventions are commonly recommended as an initial strategy or as an adjunct to antihypertensive medication to control blood pressure. Several complementary and alternative approaches also show promise as effective therapies for hypertension. The current special edition of the Journal of Human Hypertension focuses on dietary and lifestyle factors as well as complementary and alternative approaches to hypertension. The findings of these studies inform whether these non-pharmacologic approaches have important clinical effects on blood pressure and hypertension control.