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High frequency of CYP2D6 ultrarapid metabolizers in Spain: controversy about their misclassification in worldwide population studies

The Pharmacogenomics Journal volume 16, pages 485–490 (2016)Cite this article

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Abstract

A high frequency (7–10%) of CYP2D6 ultrarapid metabolizers estimated from the genotype (gUMs) has been claimed to exist among Spaniards and Southern Europeans. However, methodological aspects such as the inclusion of individuals carrying non-active multiplied alleles as gUMs may have led to an overestimation. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the gUM frequency (considering only those carrying more than two active genes) in 805 Spanish healthy volunteers studied for CYP2D6*2, *3, *4, *5, *6, *10, *17, *35, *41, and multiplications. Second, all worldwide studies reporting gUM frequencies were reviewed in order to evaluate potential misclassifications. The gUM frequency in this Spanish population was 5.34%, but increased to 8.3% if all individuals with CYP2D6 multiplications were classified as gUMs without considering the activity of the multiplied alleles. Moreover, among all reviewed worldwide studies only 55.6% precisely determined whether the multiplied alleles were active. Present results suggest that the evaluation of CYP2D6 ultrarapid metabolism should be standarized, and that the frequency of gUMs should be reconsidered in Spaniards and globally.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by Junta de Extremadura, AEXCID 13IA001 (to SIFF), Instituto de Salud Carlos III-Sara Borrell program (CD13/00348, FdA), Union Europea-Fondo Social Europeo (FSE) and Junta de Extremadura Consejería de Economía e Infraestructuras (TE14002, ADR), and coordinated by the network Red Iberoamericana de Farmacogenética y Farmacogenómica (www.ribef.com).

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  1. E M Peñas-Lledó and A LLerena: These authors contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. CICAB Clinical Research Center, Extremadura University and Medical School, Badajoz, Spain

    M E G Naranjo, F de Andrés, A Delgado, J Cobaleda, E M Peñas-Lledó & A LLerena

  2. Primary Health Care Center ‘Ciudad Jardín’, Badajoz, Spain

    J Cobaleda

  3. CIBERSAM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain

    A LLerena

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  1. M E G Naranjo
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Naranjo, M., de Andrés, F., Delgado, A. et al. High frequency of CYP2D6 ultrarapid metabolizers in Spain: controversy about their misclassification in worldwide population studies. Pharmacogenomics J 16, 485–490 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1038/tpj.2016.47

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