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  • Original Article
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Insights into the pathophysiology of catch-up compared with non-catch-up growth in children born small for gestational age: an integrated analysis of metabolic and transcriptomic data

The Pharmacogenomics Journal volume 14, pages 376–384 (2014)Cite this article

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Abstract

Small for gestational age (SGA) children exhibiting catch-up (CU) growth have a greater risk of cardiometabolic diseases in later life compared with non-catch-up (NCU) SGA children. The aim of this study was to establish differences in metabolism and gene expression profiles between CU and NCU at age 4–9 years. CU children (n=22) had greater height, weight and body mass index standard deviation scores along with insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and fasting glucose levels but lower adiponectin values than NCU children (n=11; all P<0.05). Metabolic profiling demonstrated a fourfold decrease of urine myo-inositol in CU compared with NCU (P<0.05). There were 1558 genes differentially expressed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells between the groups (P<0.05). Integrated analysis of data identified myo-inositol related to gene clusters associated with an increase in insulin, growth factor and IGF-I signalling in CU children (P<0.05). Metabolic and transcriptomic profiles in CU SGA children showed changes that may relate to cardiometabolic risk.

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Acknowledgements

AS was supported by Merck Serono SA, Geneva, Switzerland. IB was supported by an unrestricted educational grant from Novo Nordisk UK. CDL was supported by a European Society for Paediatric Endocrinology (ESPE) Research Fellowship, sponsored by Novo Nordisk A/S. WD was supported by the NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre. DH was supported by a Wellcome Trust Institutional Strategic Support Fund (TSSF) award (097820) to the University of Manchester. Recruitment to this study was facilitated by the NIHR Medicines for Children Research Network.

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  1. A Stevens and C Bonshek: These authors have contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Royal Manchester Children's Hospital (RMCH), Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (CMFT), Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (MAHSC), Manchester, UK

    A Stevens, C Bonshek, A Whatmore, I Butcher, D Hanson, C De Leonibus, E O'Shea, L Patel & P Clayton

  2. Centre for Paediatrics and Child Health, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK

    A Stevens, C Bonshek, A Whatmore, I Butcher, D Hanson, C De Leonibus, E O'Shea, L Patel & P Clayton

  3. Yorkhill Children’s Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, UK

    G Shaikh

  4. Centre for Endocrinology and Diabetes, Institute of Human Development, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK

    M Brown & B W Dunn

  5. Centre for Advanced Discovery and Experimental Therapeutics (CADET), Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK

    M Brown & B W Dunn

  6. St Mary’s Hospital, CMFT, Manchester, UK

    S Victor

  7. Royal Bolton Hospital, Royal Bolton Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK

    P Powell

  8. Hope Hospital, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, UK

    P Settle

  9. North Manchester General Hospital, Pennine Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, Crumpsall, UK

    B Padmakumar, A Tan & E Odeka

  10. Stepping Hill Hospital, Stockport NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK

    C Cooper

  11. Tameside General Hospital, Tameside Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK

    J Birch

  12. Royal Albert Edward Infirmary, Wrightington, Wigan and Leigh NHS Foundation Trust, Wigan, UK

    A Shenoy

  13. Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, University of Manchester and St Mary’s Hospital, CMFT, MAHSC, Manchester, UK

    M Westwood

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Stevens, A., Bonshek, C., Whatmore, A. et al. Insights into the pathophysiology of catch-up compared with non-catch-up growth in children born small for gestational age: an integrated analysis of metabolic and transcriptomic data. Pharmacogenomics J 14, 376–384 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1038/tpj.2014.4

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