Modelling of irrigation water withdrawals aims for accurate and relatively objective estimates, but three epistemological obstacles (models’ elusive tie to reality, model plurality and indeterminacy of the target system) make this premise unattainable. However, if used to explore possibilities within the known and unknown, irrigation models can overcome these problems to inform action.
This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution
Relevant articles
Open Access articles citing this article.
-
Total irrigation by crop in the Continental United States from 2008 to 2020
Scientific Data Open Access 17 April 2024
Access options
Access Nature and 54 other Nature Portfolio journals
Get Nature+, our best-value online-access subscription
$29.99 / 30 days
cancel any time
Subscribe to this journal
Receive 12 digital issues and online access to articles
$119.00 per year
only $9.92 per issue
Buy this article
- Purchase on SpringerLink
- Instant access to full article PDF
Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout
References
Puy, A., Lankford, B., Meier, J., van der Kooij, S. & Saltelli, A. Large variations in global irrigation withdrawals caused by uncertain irrigation efficiencies. Environ. Res. Lett. 17, 044014 (2022).
Duhem, P. The Aim and Structure of Physical Theory 4th edn (Atheneum, New York, 1981).
Liu, X. et al. Comparison of 16 models for reference crop evapotranspiration against weighing lysimeter measurement. Agric. Water Manag. 184, 145–155 (2017).
Puy, A. et al. The delusive accuracy of global irrigation water withdrawal estimates. Nat. Commun. 13, 3183 (2022).
Bhakthavatsalam, S. & Cartwright, N. What’s so special about empirical adequacy? Eur. J. Philos. Sci. 7, 445–465 (2017).
Lankford, B. & Beale, T. Equilibrium and non-equilibrium theories of sustainable water resources management: Dynamic river basin and irrigation behaviour in Tanzania. Glob. Environ. Change 17, 168–180 (2007).
Cartwright, N. How the Laws of Physics Lie (Oxford University Press, 1983).
Elgin, C. Models as felicitous falsehoods. Principia 26, 7–23 (2022).
Massimi, M. Perspectival Realism (Oxford University Press, 2022).
Saltelli, A. & Di Fiore, M. The Politics of Modelling (Oxford University Press, 2023).
Acknowledgements
We thank J. Larsen for insights on crop evapotranspiration processes. All errors and misinterpretations are our own. This work was funded by UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) under the UK government’s Horizon Europe funding guarantee (EP/Y02463X/1).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Competing interests
The authors declare no competing interests.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Puy, A., Massimi, M., Lankford, B. et al. Irrigation modelling needs better epistemology. Nat Rev Earth Environ 4, 427–428 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s43017-023-00459-0
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s43017-023-00459-0
This article is cited by
-
Total irrigation by crop in the Continental United States from 2008 to 2020
Scientific Data (2024)