Correction to: Nature Reviews Earth & Environment https://doi.org/10.1038/s43017-023-00396-y. Published online 16 February 2023.

In the version of this article initially published, the second affiliation for Yong-Guan Zhu (State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China) listed the wrong laboratory name. The error has been corrected in the HTML and PDF versions of the article.