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Gut microbiome

Anticancer action of caloric restrictions via microbiota

Commensal bacteria in the gut and their metabolites modulate the tonus of cancer immunosurveillance. Mao, Huang et al. demonstrate that the anticancer effects of caloric restriction depend on the expansion of acetate-producing immunostimulatory Bifidobacterium bifidum.

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Fig. 1: Schematic overview of the gut microbiota–metabolism axis.

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Acknowledgements

G.K. and L.Z. are supported by the Ligue contre le Cancer (équipe labellisée); Agence National de la Recherche (ANR) – Projets blancs; AMMICa US23/CNRS UMS3655; Association pour la recherche sur le cancer (ARC); Cancéropôle Ile-de-France; Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (FRM); a donation by Elior; Equipex Onco-Pheno-Screen; European Joint Programme on Rare Diseases (EJPRD); Gustave Roussy Odyssea, the European Union Horizon 2020 Projects Oncobiome and Crimson; Fondation Carrefour; Institut National du Cancer (INCa); Institut Universitaire de France; LabEx Immuno-Oncology (ANR-18-IDEX-0001); a Cancer Research ASPIRE Award from the Mark Foundation; the RHU Immunolife; Seerave Foundation; SIRIC Stratified Oncology Cell DNA Repair and Tumor Immune Elimination (SOCRATE); and SIRIC Cancer Research and Personalized Medicine (CARPEM). This study contributes to the IdEx Université de Paris ANR-18-IDEX-0001.

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Correspondence to Laurence Zitvogel or Guido Kroemer.

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Competing interests

G.K. has held research contracts with Daiichi Sankyo, Eleor, Kaleido, Lytix Pharma, PharmaMar, Osasuna Therapeutics, Samsara Therapeutics, Sanofi, Tollys and Vascage. G.K. has consulted for Reithera. G.K. is on the Board of Directors of the Bristol Myers Squibb Foundation France. G.K. is a scientific co-founder of everImmune, Osasuna Therapeutics, Samsara Therapeutics and Therafast Bio. G.K. is the inventor of patents covering therapeutic targeting of aging, cancer, cystic fibrosis and metabolic disorders. G.K.’s brother, Romano Kroemer, was an employee of Sanofi and now consults for Boehringer-Ingelheim. L.Z. has held research contracts with 9 Meters Biopharma, Daiichi Sankyo, Pilege, was on the Board of Directors of Transgene, is a cofounder of everImmune and holds patents covering the treatment of cancer and the therapeutic manipulation of the microbiota. G.K. is the inventor of patents covering therapeutic targeting of aging, cancer, cystic fibrosis and metabolic disorders. L.Z. has held research contracts with Glaxo Smyth Kline, Incyte, Lytix, Kaleido, Innovate Pharma, Daiichi Sankyo, Pilege, Merus, Transgene, 9 m, Tusk and Roche, is on the Board of Directors of Transgene, is a co-founder of everImmune and holds patents covering the treatment of cancer and the therapeutic manipulation of the microbiota.

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Zitvogel, L., Kroemer, G. Anticancer action of caloric restrictions via microbiota. Nat Metab 5, 8–9 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s42255-022-00705-7

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