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Electronic materials with nanoscale curved geometries

Nature Electronics volume 5, pages 551–563 (2022)Cite this article

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Abstract

As the dimensions of a material shrink from an extended bulk solid to a nanoscale structure, size and quantum confinement effects become dominant, altering the properties of the material. Materials with nanoscale curved geometries, such as rolled-up nanomembranes and zigzag-shaped nanowires, have recently been found to exhibit a number of intriguing electronic and magnetic properties due to shape-driven modifications of charge motion or confinement effects. Local strain generated by curvature can also lead to changes in material properties due to electromechanical coupling. Here we review the development of electronic materials with nanoscale curved geometries. We examine the origin of shape-, confinement- and strain-induced effects and explore how to exploit these in electronic, spintronic and superconducting devices. We also consider the methods required to synthesize and characterize curvilinear nanostructures, and highlight key areas for the future development of curved electronics.

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Fig. 1: Classical shape effects.
Fig. 2: Confinement-induced effects.
Fig. 3: Strain-induced effects.
Fig. 4: Fabrication of curvilinear nano-objects.

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Acknowledgements

We acknowledge the numerous colleagues with whom we have collaborated on the topics described in this Review. We also acknowledge the Future and Emerging Technologies (FET) Programme within the Seventh Framework Programme for Research of the European Commission under FET-Open grant no. 618083 (CNTQC) for the financial support to the work performed by the authors on this topic. C.O. acknowledges support from a VIDI grant (Project 680-47-543) financed by the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO). The work of D.M. and O.M.V. was financed in part via numerous national and European projects including German Research Foundation (DFG) grants MA 5144/9-1, MA 5144/13-1, MA 5144/28-1 and VO 2598/1-1, as well as the Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres in the frame of the Helmholtz Innovation Lab ‘FlexiSens’. Z.-J.Y. acknowledges support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 11974151).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. CNR-SPIN c/o Università di Salerno, Fisciano, Italy

    Paola Gentile & Mario Cuoco

  2. Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Salerno, Fisciano, Italy

    Paola Gentile, Mario Cuoco & Carmine Ortix

  3. Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Dresden, Germany

    Oleksii M. Volkov & Denys Makarov

  4. School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China

    Zu-Jian Ying

  5. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK

    Ivan J. Vera-Marun

  6. National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK

    Ivan J. Vera-Marun

  7. Institute for Theoretical Physics, Center for Extreme Matter and Emergent Phenomena, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands

    Carmine Ortix

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  1. Paola Gentile
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  2. Mario Cuoco
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  3. Oleksii M. Volkov
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  4. Zu-Jian Ying
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  5. Ivan J. Vera-Marun
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  6. Denys Makarov
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  7. Carmine Ortix
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Contributions

C.O. coordinated the project. P.G. produced the original illustrations. All authors wrote and commented on the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Carmine Ortix.

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Gentile, P., Cuoco, M., Volkov, O.M. et al. Electronic materials with nanoscale curved geometries. Nat Electron 5, 551–563 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41928-022-00820-z

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