After vaccination, spike-specific CD8+ T cells play an important part in the immediate immune response to breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection, whereas the B cell and neutralizing antibody responses come into effect 2 weeks after infection.
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Acknowledgements
This work is supported by the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (grant number 2018-I2M-2-002) and the UK Medical Research Council.
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Antoun, E., Peng, Y. & Dong, T. Vaccine-induced CD8+ T cells are key to protection from SARS-CoV-2. Nat Immunol 24, 1594–1596 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41590-023-01621-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41590-023-01621-y
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