Abstract
Helical membrane proteins are typically assumed to attain stable transmembrane topologies immediately upon co-translational membrane insertion. Here we show that unassembled monomers of the small multidrug resistance (SMR) family exist in a dynamic equilibrium where the N-terminal transmembrane helix flips in and out of the membrane, with rates that depend on dimerization and the polypeptide sequence. Thus, membrane topology can display rapid dynamics in vivo and can be regulated by post-translational assembly.
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The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding authors upon reasonable request.
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by grants from the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation (2012.0282), the Swedish Research Council (621-2014-3713) and the Swedish Cancer Foundation (15 0888) to G.v.H. N.F. was supported by long-term postdoctoral fellowships from EMBO/Marie Curie Actions (ALTF 211-2014) and from HFSP (LT000277/2015-L).
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M.S. performed and analyzed kinetic studies of monomeric EmrE and mutants and designed the hydrophobicity mutants. M.E. initiated and analyzed the kinetic studies of monomeric EmrE and of several controls. G.v.H. designed the overall study, analyzed data and wrote the paper. N.F. designed the overall study, analyzed data and wrote the paper, performed and analyzed steady state and some kinetic studies of EmrE monomers, performed and analyzed kinetic measurements of SMR and EmrE dimers, developed the kinetic scheme and performed bioinformatic analyses.
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Seurig, M., Ek, M., von Heijne, G. et al. Dynamic membrane topology in an unassembled membrane protein. Nat Chem Biol 15, 945–948 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41589-019-0356-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41589-019-0356-9