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Toll-like receptor mediated inflammation requires FASN-dependent MYD88 palmitoylation

Nature Chemical Biology volume 15, pages 907–916 (2019)Cite this article

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Abstract

Toll-like receptor (TLR)/myeloid differentiation primary response protein (MYD88) signaling aggravates sepsis by impairing neutrophil migration to infection sites. However, the role of intracellular fatty acids in TLR/MYD88 signaling is unclear. Here, inhibition of fatty acid synthase by C75 improved neutrophil chemotaxis and increased the survival of mice with sepsis in cecal ligation puncture and lipopolysaccharide-induced septic shock models. C75 specifically blocked TLR/MYD88 signaling in neutrophils. Treatment with GSK2194069 that targets a different domain of fatty acid synthase, did not block TLR signaling or MYD88 palmitoylation. De novo fatty acid synthesis and CD36-mediated exogenous fatty acid incorporation contributed to MYD88 palmitoylation. The binding of IRAK4 to the MYD88 intermediate domain and downstream signal activation required MYD88 palmitoylation at cysteine 113. MYD88 was palmitoylated by ZDHHC6, and ZDHHC6 knockdown decreased MYD88 palmitoylation and TLR/MYD88 activation upon lipopolysaccharide stimulus. Thus, intracellular saturated fatty acid-dependent palmitoylation of MYD88 by ZDHHC6 is a therapeutic target of sepsis.

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Fig. 1: A FASN inhibitor, C75, lengthens the survival of mice with sepsis.
Fig. 2: C75 reduces Toll-like receptor-specific inflammatory responses.
Fig. 3: FASN inhibitor affects a common adapter MYD88 to reduce inflammation.
Fig. 4: MYD88 is FASN-dependently palmitoylated using two sources of palmitate.
Fig. 5: Palmitoylation of MYD88 at C113 is required for IRAK4 recruitment and activation of TLR4-MYD88 signaling.
Fig. 6: MYD88 is potentially palmitoylated by ZDHHC6.

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Data availability

Any Supplementary information, chemical compound information are available in the online version of the paper. The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request.

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Acknowledgements

We thank M.A. Farrar (Univ. of Minnesota) for the pKS-GyrB construct; M. Fukata (National Institute for Physiological Science and National Institutes of Natural Sciences) for the 24 pEF-Bos-zDHHC-HA constructs. This study was supported by grants from the Korea Health Technology R&D Project ‘Strategic Center of Cell and Bio Therapy’ (grant no. HI17C2085; H.-S.K.) and ‘Korea Research-Driven Hospital’ (grant no. HI14C1277; H.-S.K.) through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute, funded by the Ministry of Health & Welfare, Korea and from the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Korea Government (grant no. 2018R1C1B5086482; S.E.L.).

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  1. These authors contributed equally: Young-Chan Kim, Sang Eun Lee, Somi K. Kim, Hyun-Duk Jang.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Strategic Center of Cell & Bio Therapy, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea

    Young-Chan Kim, Somi K. Kim, Hyun-Duk Jang, Injoo Hwang, Sooryeonhwa Jin, Eun-Byeol Hong & Hyo-Soo Kim

  2. Korea Research-Driven Hospital, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea

    Young-Chan Kim, Somi K. Kim, Hyun-Duk Jang, Injoo Hwang, Sooryeonhwa Jin, Eun-Byeol Hong & Hyo-Soo Kim

  3. Cardiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea

    Sang Eun Lee

  4. Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea

    Sooryeonhwa Jin & Hyo-Soo Kim

  5. Biomedical Omics Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju, South Korea

    Kyoung-Soon Jang

  6. World Class University Program, Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea

    Hyo-Soo Kim

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Contributions

Y.-C.K provided the design and execution of experiments, data analysis and interpretation and drafting of the manuscript; S.E.L. provided the conception and design of experiments, data analysis and interpretation and drafting of the manuscript; S.K. provided the execution of experiments, data analysis and interpretation and drafting of the manuscript; H.-D.J. provided a critical review of the manuscript; I.H. provided the execution of experiments, data analysis and interpretation; S.J. provided a critical review of the manuscript; E.-B.H. provided data analysis and interpretation and a critical review of the manuscript; K.-S.J. provided the execution of experiments with mass spectrometry, data analysis and interpretation; H.-S.K. provided the conception and design of experiment, data analysis and interpretation and a critical review of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Hyo-Soo Kim.

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Kim, YC., Lee, S.E., Kim, S.K. et al. Toll-like receptor mediated inflammation requires FASN-dependent MYD88 palmitoylation. Nat Chem Biol 15, 907–916 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41589-019-0344-0

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