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SYNTHETIC BIOLOGY

Sustainable manufacturing with synthetic biology

Nature Biotechnology volume 40, pages 304–307 (2022)Cite this article

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Producing commodity chemicals in bacteria that live on industrial air pollution captures more greenhouse gases than it emits.

Synthetic biology promises to lead the way to a sustainable manufacturing sector. If the thousands of chemicals derived from petroleum and natural gas — including fuels, plastics and industrial chemicals — could be produced instead with microbes, the annual savings in global greenhouse gas emissions would be substantial. Most manufacturing processes developed by synthetic biology approaches have not been fully carbon neutral, in part because they rely on sugar feedstocks. An important new study in Nature Biotechnology by Liew et al.1 describes a strategy for carbon-negative manufacturing of chemicals at large scale by harnessing a class of autotrophic bacteria called acetogens. These bacteria can live on one-carbon molecules — including the greenhouse gas CO2 — and convert them into more-complex, organic molecules. But acetogens have proved extremely difficult to genetically engineer for the synthesis of non-native products. Liew et al. describe methods to overcome previous technical hurdles, achieving carbon-negative production of the non-native chemicals acetone and isopropanol (IPA) at industrially relevant efficiency, selectivity and scale. The study provides a roadmap for broadening the range of molecules that can be manufactured sustainably from waste and biomass feedstocks.

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Fig. 1: Synthetic biology promotes a circular carbon economy.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biological Systems & Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA

    Corinne D. Scown & Jay D. Keasling

  2. Life-Cycle, Economics, and Agronomy Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA, USA

    Corinne D. Scown

  3. Energy Analysis and Environmental Impacts Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA

    Corinne D. Scown

  4. Energy & Biosciences Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA

    Corinne D. Scown

  5. Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA

    Jay D. Keasling

  6. The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark

    Jay D. Keasling

  7. Center for Synthetic Biochemistry, Institute for Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes for Advanced Technologies, Shenzhen, China

    Jay D. Keasling

  8. Biofuels and Bioproducts Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA, USA

    Jay D. Keasling

Authors
  1. Corinne D. Scown
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  2. Jay D. Keasling
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Correspondence to Corinne D. Scown or Jay D. Keasling.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Scown, C.D., Keasling, J.D. Sustainable manufacturing with synthetic biology. Nat Biotechnol 40, 304–307 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41587-022-01248-8

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