Abstract
Superlattices—a periodic stacking of two-dimensional layers of two or more materials—provide a versatile scheme for engineering materials with tailored properties1,2. Here we report an intrinsic heterodimensional superlattice consisting of alternating layers of two-dimensional vanadium disulfide (VS2) and a one-dimensional vanadium sulfide (VS) chain array, deposited directly by chemical vapour deposition. This unique superlattice features an unconventional 1T stacking with a monoclinic unit cell of VS2/VS layers identified by scanning transmission electron microscopy. An unexpected Hall effect, persisting up to 380 kelvin, is observed when the magnetic field is in-plane, a condition under which the Hall effect usually vanishes. The observation of this effect is supported by theoretical calculations, and can be attributed to an unconventional anomalous Hall effect owing to an out-of-plane Berry curvature induced by an in-plane magnetic field, which is related to the one-dimensional VS chain. Our work expands the conventional understanding of superlattices and will stimulate the synthesis of more extraordinary superstructures.
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Change history
13 October 2022
A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05430-5
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Acknowledgements
The work was supported by: the National Key R&D Program of China (grant number 2020YFA0308800), the NSF of China (grant numbers 12074009, 11774009, 62174013, 12061131102 and 11734003), BIT (number 2021CX11013) and the National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFA0206301); the National Research Foundation, Singapore, under its Competitive Research Programme (NRF-CRP22-2019-0007 and NRF-CRP22-2019-0004), under its NRF-ISF joint research programme (NRF2020-NRF-ISF004-3520); and the Ministry of Education, Singapore, under its AcRF Tier 3 Programme ‘Geometrical Quantum Materials’ (MOE2018-T3-1-002). H.D., and W.G. acknowledge funding from the National Key Basic Research Program of China (2017YFB0701603) and NSFC (number 51971037). We thank X. Dai and H. M. Weng for discussions and their preliminary attempts on ab initio calculations. Y.-C.L. and K.S. acknowledge the JSPS-KAKENHI (JP16H06333 and JP22H05478), (18K14119), the JST-CREST programme (JPMJCR20B1, JMJCR20B5 and JPMJCR1993), the JSPS A3 Foresight Program, and the Kazato Research Encouragement Prize. Y.G. acknowledges funding from the Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission (number 2019-01-07-00-09-E00020), Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Commission (18JC1412800). Jianhui Zhou was supported by the High Magnetic Field Laboratory of Anhui Province. Yugui Yao acknowledges the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (grant number XDB30000000).
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Jiadong Zhou, W.Z., Y.-C.L. and J.C. contributed equally to this work. W.Z. and X.W. initiated the project and observed the novel Hall effect. Jiadong Zhou and Z.L. proposed the heterodimensional superlattice concept and coordinated the project. Jiadong Zhou and Y.Z. synthesized the superlattice and carried out the Raman and atomic force microscopy measurements. Y.Z. analysed the XPS data. Yuan Yao carried out preliminary STEM experiments. Y.-C.L. and K.S. performed the STEM and EELS measurements. W.Z., B.J. and X.W. carried out the device measurements. Yugui Yao, Y.W. and Y. Hou discussed the structure. Yugui Yao, X.W., Jianhui Zhou, J.C. and Jiadong Zhou discussed the theory calculation process. H.D., W.G. J.C., Jianhui Zhou, W.J. and Yugui Yao performed the theory calculation. J.C., Jianhui Zhou, W.J. and Yugui Yao performed the calculations. X.C. and Y. Huang helped to perform the FIB. J.S. performed the SHG measurements. W.Z. and S.S.P.P. performed the MOKE measurement. B.T., B.L., Q.F. and C.Z. discussed the SHG. All authors contributed to the discussion of the results.
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Zhou, J., Zhang, W., Lin, YC. et al. Heterodimensional superlattice with in-plane anomalous Hall effect. Nature 609, 46–51 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05031-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05031-2
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