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Advances in Brillouin–Mandelstam light-scattering spectroscopy

Nature Photonics volume 15, pages 720–731 (2021)Cite this article

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Abstract

Recent years have witnessed a much broader use of Brillouin inelastic light-scattering spectroscopy for the investigation of phonons and magnons in novel materials, nanostructures and devices. Driven by the developments in instrumentation and the strong need for accurate knowledge on the energies of elemental excitations, Brillouin–Mandelstam spectroscopy is rapidly becoming an essential technique that is complementary to Raman inelastic light-scattering spectroscopy. We provide an overview of recent progress in the Brillouin light-scattering technique, focusing on the use of this photonic method for the investigation of confined acoustic phonons, phononic metamaterials and magnon propagation and scattering. This Review emphasizes the emerging applications of Brillouin–Mandelstam spectroscopy for phonon-engineered structures and spintronic devices, and concludes with a perspective on future directions.

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Fig. 1: Fundamentals of Brillouin–Mandelstam light scattering.
Fig. 2: Observation of phonon confinement in nanostructured materials via the BLS technique.
Fig. 3: Phonon spectrum modification in PnCs and PxCs investigated using the BLS technique.
Fig. 4: Investigation of spin waves using BLS.

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Acknowledgements

We acknowledge the support of the National Science Foundation (NSF) via a Major Research Instrumentation (MRI) project DMR 2019056 entitled ‘Development of a Cryogenic Integrated Micro-Raman-Brillouin-Mandelstam Spectrometer’. A.A.B. also acknowledges the support of the Designing Materials to Revolutionize and Engineer our Future (DMREF) program via a project DMR-1921958 entitled ‘Collaborative research: data driven discovery of synthesis pathways and distinguishing electronic phenomena of 1D van der Waals bonded solids’, and the support of the US Department of Energy (DOE) via a project DE-SC0021020 entitled ‘Physical mechanisms and electric-bias control of phase transitions in quasi-2D charge-density-wave quantum materials’. We thank M. Kargar and Z. Barani for their help with the preparation of schematics in Figs. 1e and 3a.

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  1. Nano-Device Laboratory (NDL) and Phonon Optimized Engineered Materials (POEM) Center, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA

    Fariborz Kargar & Alexander A. Balandin

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Kargar, F., Balandin, A.A. Advances in Brillouin–Mandelstam light-scattering spectroscopy. Nat. Photon. 15, 720–731 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41566-021-00836-5

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