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Front-induced transitions

Nature Photonics volume 13, pages 737–748 (2019)Cite this article

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Abstract

Refractive index fronts propagating in waveguides are special spatiotemporal perturbations. The interaction of light with such fronts can be described in terms of an indirect transition where the frequency and wavenumber of a guided mode both are changed. In recent years, front-induced transitions have been used in dispersion-engineered waveguides for frequency conversion, optical delays, and bandwidth and pulse duration manipulation. These concepts have originated from different research areas of photonics, such as nonlinear fibre optics, slow-light waveguides, plasma physics, moving media and relativistic effects. Here, we discuss these concepts, providing a unifying theoretical description and highlight the potential of this exciting research field for light manipulation in guided optics.

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Fig. 1: The refractive index front and the dispersion relation.
Fig. 2: Schematic representation of different photonic transitions.
Fig. 3: Signal transmission through the front.
Fig. 4: Signal reflection from the front.
Fig. 5: Signal trapping inside the front.
Fig. 6: Dynamic pulse delay in a photonic crystal waveguide.

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Acknowledgements

We acknowledge the support of the German Research Foundation (DFG) under grant no. 392102174. We further acknowledge discussions with H. Renner.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Optical and Electronic Materials, Hamburg University of Technology, Hamburg, Germany

    Mahmoud A. Gaafar, Manfred Eich & Alexander Yu. Petrov

  2. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt

    Mahmoud A. Gaafar

  3. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Yokohama National University, Hodogayaku, Yokohama, Japan

    Toshihiko Baba

  4. Institute of Materials Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Geesthacht, Germany

    Manfred Eich

  5. ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russia

    Alexander Yu. Petrov

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M.A.G. performed the LSE simulations and wrote the first version of the manuscript with A.Y.P. All authors discussed and edited the content in the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Mahmoud A. Gaafar or Alexander Yu. Petrov.

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Gaafar, M.A., Baba, T., Eich, M. et al. Front-induced transitions. Nat. Photonics 13, 737–748 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41566-019-0511-6

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