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Emerging perovskite monolayers

Nature Materials volume 20, pages 1325–1336 (2021)Cite this article

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Abstract

The library of two-dimensional (2D) materials has been enriched over recent years with novel crystal architectures endowed with diverse exciting functionalities. Bulk perovskites, including metal-halide and oxide systems, provide access to a myriad of properties through molecular engineering. Their tunable electronic structure offers remarkable features from long carrier-diffusion lengths and high absorption coefficients in metal-halide perovskites to high-temperature superconductivity, magnetoresistance and ferroelectricity in oxide perovskites. Emboldened by the 2D materials research, perovskites down to the monolayer limit have recently emerged. Like other 2D species, perovskites with reduced dimensionality are expected to exhibit new physics and to herald next-generation multifunctional devices. In this Review, we critically assess the preliminary studies on the synthetic routes and inherent properties of monolayer perovskite materials. We also discuss how to exploit them for widespread applications and provide an outlook on the challenges and opportunities that lie ahead for this enticing class of 2D materials.

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Fig. 1: Perovskite types.
Fig. 2: Perovskite types and perovskite monolayer synthesis methods.
Fig. 3: Thickness-dependent optical and electronic properties in halide perovskites.

panels adapted with permission from: a,c,d, ref. 53, AAAS; b, ref. 52, National Academy of Sciences (right y axis); b, ref. 56, under a Creative Commons license CC BY 4.0 (left y axis); e,f, ref. 19, Springer Nature Ltd.

Fig. 4: Interfacial properties of oxide perovskites.

panels adapted with permission from: a, ref. 64, AAAS; b, ref. 65, under a Creative Commons license CC BY 4.0; c, ref. 89, AAAS; d, ref. 71, Springer Nature Ltd; e, ref. 90, Springer Nature Ltd; f, ref. 69, Springer Nature Ltd.

Fig. 5: Potential applications for perovskite monolayers.
Fig. 6: The formation of interlayer excitons.

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Acknowledgements

We thank P. Zhang (Technische Universität Dresden), Y. Li (Technische Universität Chemnitz) and C. Anichini (University of Strasbourg) for contributing Figs. 2 and 5. J.H.S. acknowledges financial support from the EU Graphene Flagship Core 3 programme and the DFG (SPP 2244). M.S. acknowledges financial support from the German Science Foundation (DFG: GRK 2642).

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  1. Antonio Gaetano Ricciardulli

    Present address: Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006, Strasbourg, France

  2. These authors contributed equally: Antonio Gaetano Ricciardulli, Sheng Yang.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany

    Antonio Gaetano Ricciardulli & Michael Saliba

  2. Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart, Germany

    Sheng Yang & Jurgen H. Smet

  3. Institute for Photovoltaics, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany

    Michael Saliba

  4. Helmholtz Young Investigator Group FRONTRUNNER, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany

    Michael Saliba

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A.G.R. and S.Y. conceived the project and wrote the manuscript. All authors contributed to the revision of the manuscript.

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Ricciardulli, A.G., Yang, S., Smet, J.H. et al. Emerging perovskite monolayers. Nat. Mater. 20, 1325–1336 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-021-01029-9

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