Abstract
Research investigating collective decision-making has focused primarily on the improvement of accuracy in collective decisions and less on the motives that drive individuals to make these decisions. We argue that a strong but neglected motive for making collective decisions is minimizing the material and psychological burden of an individual’s responsibility. Making difficult decisions with others shields individuals from the consequences of negative outcomes by reducing regret, punishment and stress. Considering shared responsibility as a another key motivation to join groups helps understand behaviours with societal implications such as political voting, committing norm violations, predicting natural disasters and making health-related decisions.
This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution
Access options
Access Nature and 54 other Nature Portfolio journals
Get Nature+, our best-value online-access subscription
$29.99 / 30 days
cancel any time
Subscribe to this journal
Receive 12 digital issues and online access to articles
$119.00 per year
only $9.92 per issue
Buy this article
- Purchase on Springer Link
- Instant access to full article PDF
Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Kameda, T., Wisdom, T., Toyokawa, W. & Inukai, K. Group Process. Intergroup Relat. 15, 673–689 (2012).
Sumpter, D. J., Krause, J., James, R., Couzin, I. D. & Ward, A. J. Curr. Biol. 18, 1773–1777 (2008).
Surowiecki, J. The Wisdom of Crowds: Why the Many Are Smarter Than the Few. (Bantam Dell, 2005).
Sunstein, C.R. & Hastie, R. Wiser: Getting Beyond Groupthink to Make Groups Smarter. (Harvard Business Press, 2015).
Bahrami, B. et al. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B 367, 1350–1365 (2012).
Bang, D. & Frith, C. D. R. Soc. Open Sci. 4, 170193 (2017).
Koriat, A. Science 336, 360–362 (2012).
Mahmoodi, A. et al. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 112, 3835–3840 (2015).
Bahrami, B. et al. Science 329, 1081–1085 (2010).
Kurvers, R. H. J. M. et al. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 113, 8777–8782 (2016).
Prelec, D., Seung, H. S. & McCoy, J. Nature 541, 532–535 (2017).
Navajas, J., Niella, T., Garbulsky, G., Bahrami, B. & Sigman, M. Nat. Hum. Behav. 2, 126–132 (2018).
Herzog, S. M., Litvinova, A., Yahosseini, K. S., Tump, A. N. & Kurvers, R. H. J. M. The ecological rationality of the wisdom of crowds. in Taming Uncertainty (eds Hertwig, R., Pleskac, T. J., Pachur, T. & The Center for Adaptive Rationality) (MIT Press, in the press).
Packer, C. & Ruttan, L. Am. Nat. 132, 159–198 (1988).
LeFebvre, R. & Franke, V. Societies (Basel) 3, 128–146 (2013).
Becker, G. S. & Murphy, K. M. Q. J. Econ. 107, 1137–1160 (1992).
Battalio, R., Samuelson, L. & Huyck, J. V. Econometrica 69, 749–764 (2001).
Toelch, U. & Dolan, R. J. Trends Cogn. Sci. 19, 579–589 (2015).
Tyler, T.R. Why People Cooperate: The Role of Social Motivations. (Princeton University Press, 2011).
Hoppitt, W. & Laland, K.N. Social Learning: An Introduction to Mechanisms, Methods, and Models. (Princeton University Press, 2013).
Heyes, C. J. Comp. Psychol. 126, 193–202 (2012).
Galton, F. Nature 75, 450–451 (1907).
Mercier, H., Trouche, E., Yama, H., Heintz, C. & Girotto, V. Think. Reason. 21, 341–355 (2015).
Pfeiffer, U. J. et al. Neuroimage 101, 124–137 (2014).
Tajfel, H. & Turner, J.C. The Social Identity Theory of Intergroup Behavior. (Psychology Press, 2004).
Robbins, J. M. & Krueger, J. I. Pers. Soc. Psychol. Rev. 9, 32–47 (2005).
Stevens, M. et al. Scand. J. Med. Sci. Sports 28, 2100–2108 (2018).
Tyler, T.R. Social justice. in APA Handbook of Personality and Social Psychology, Volume 2: Group Processes. 95–122 (American Psychological Association, 2015).
Darley, J. M. & Latané, B. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 8, 377–383 (1968).
Guerin, B. Diffusion of responsibility. in The Encyclopedia of Peace Psychology (Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2011).
Forsyth, D. R., Zyzniewski, L. E. & Giammanco, C. A. Pers. Soc. Psychol. Bull. 28, 54–65 (2002).
Caine, B. T. & Schlenker, B. R. J. Psychol. 101, 149–156 (1979).
Forsyth, D. R. & Schlenker, B. R. J. Pers. 45, 220–236 (1977).
Leary, M.R. & Forsyth, D.R. Attributions of responsibility for collective endeavors. in Group Processes 167–188 (Sage Publications, Inc, 1987).
Miller, R. S. & Schlenker, B. R. Soc. Psychol. Q. 48, 85–89 (1985).
Baumeister, R. F., Ainsworth, S. E. & Vohs, K. D. Behav. Brain Sci. 39, e137 (2016).
Feng, C. et al. Hum. Brain Mapp. 37, 663–677 (2016).
Morgan, P. M. & Tindale, R. S. Organ. Behav. Hum. Decis. Process. 87, 44–65 (2002).
Wildschut, T., Pinter, B., Vevea, J. L., Insko, C. A. & Schopler, J. Psychol. Bull. 129, 698–722 (2003).
Turner, M. E. & Pratkanis, A. R. Organ. Behav. Hum. Decis. Process. 73, 105–115 (1998).
Simms, A. & Nichols, T. J. Manag. Policy Pract. 15, 58–67 (2014).
Levine, D. K. & Palfrey, T. R. Am. Polit. Sci. Rev. 101, 143–158 (2007).
Hortensius, R. & de Gelder, B. Neuroimage 93, 53–58 (2014).
Fischer, P. et al. Psychol. Bull. 137, 517–537 (2011).
Martin, K. K. & North, A. C. Comput. Human Behav. 44, 124–131 (2015).
Philpot, R., Liebst, L. S., Levine, M., Bernasco, W., & Lindegaard, M. R. Postprint - Would I be helped? Cross-national CCTV footage shows that intervention is the norm in public conflicts. Preprint at PsyArXiv https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/nqscj (2019).
Lorenz, J., Rauhut, H., Schweitzer, F. & Helbing, D. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 108, 9020–9025 (2011).
Farrell, S. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 108, E625–E625 (2011).
Rauhut, H., Lorenz, J., Schweitzer, F. & Helbing, D. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 108, E626 (2011).
Haggard, P. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 18, 196–207 (2017).
Caspar, E. A., Christensen, J. F., Cleeremans, A. & Haggard, P. Curr. Biol. 26, 585–592 (2016).
Beyer, F., Sidarus, N., Bonicalzi, S. & Haggard, P. Soc. Cogn. Affect. Neurosci. 12, 138–145 (2016).
Dewey, J. A., Pacherie, E. & Knoblich, G. Cognition 132, 383–397 (2014).
Li, P. et al. Neuroimage 52, 1727–1733 (2010).
Nicolle, A., Bach, D. R., Frith, C. & Dolan, R. J. Soc. Neurosci. 6, 178–189 (2011).
Pacherie, E. Synthese 190, 1817–1839 (2013).
Pacherie, E. Phenomenol. Cogn. Sci. 13, 25–46 (2014).
Gallotti, M. & Frith, C. D. Trends Cogn. Sci. 17, 160–165 (2013).
Obhi, S. S. & Hall, P. Exp. Brain Res. 211, 655–662 (2011).
van der Wel, R. P. R. D., Sebanz, N. & Knoblich, G. Conscious. Cogn. 21, 1267–1279 (2012).
van der Wel, R. P. R. D. Cognition 140, 49–59 (2015).
Murayama, K. et al. Cereb. Cortex 25, 1241–1251 (2015).
Dworkin, S. I., Mirkis, S. & Smith, J. E. Psychopharmacology (Berl.) 117, 262–266 (1995).
Marmot, M. G., Bosma, H., Hemingway, H., Brunner, E. & Stansfeld, S. Lancet 350, 235–239 (1997).
Botti, S. & Lyengar, S. S. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 87, 312–326 (2004).
Botti, S. & McGill, A. L. J. Consum. Res. 33, 211–219 (2006).
Anderson, C. J. Psychol. Bull. 129, 139–167 (2003).
Steffel, M., Williams, E. F., Morwitz, V. & Morales, A. J. Consum. Res. 44, 1015–1032 (2018).
Dhar, R. J. Behav. Decis. Making 9, 265–281 (1996).
Tversky, A. & Shafir, E. Psychol. Sci. 3, 358–361 (1992).
Novemsky, N., Dhar, R., Schwarz, N. & Simonson, I. J. Mark. Res. 44, 347–356 (2007).
Dhar, R. & Nowlis, S. M. J. Consum. Res. 25, 369–384 (1999).
Luce, M. F. J. Consum. Res. 24, 409–433 (1998).
Redelmeier, D. A. & Shafir, E. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 273, 302–305 (1995).
Tetlock, P. E. & Boettger, R. J. Behav. Decis. Making 7, 1–23 (1994).
Edelson, M. G., Polania, R., Ruff, C. C., Fehr, E. & Hare, T. A. Science 361, eaat0036 (2018).
Harvey, N. & Fischer, I. Organ. Behav. Hum. Decis. Process. 70, 117–133 (1997).
Kallgren, C. A., Reno, R. R. & Cialdini, R. B. Pers. Soc. Psychol. Bull. 26, 1002–1012 (2000).
Mercier, H. & Sperber, D. The Enigma of Reason. (Harvard University Press, 2017)
Vig, E. K., Starks, H., Taylor, J. S., Hopley, E. K. & Fryer-Edwards, K. J. Gen. Intern. Med. 22, 1274–1279 (2007).
Botti, S., Orfali, K. & Iyengar, S. S. J. Consum. Res. 36, 337–352 (2009).
Lehtonen, J. & Jaatinen, K. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 70, 449–458 (2016).
Connolly, T. & Zeelenberg, M. Curr. Dir. Psychol. Sci. 11, 212–216 (2002).
Frith, C.D. & Metzinger, T.K. What’s the use of consciousness? How the stab of conscience made us really conscious. in The Pragmatic Turn: Toward Action-Oriented Views in Cognitive Science. (eds Engel, A.K. et al.) (MIT Press, 2016).
Gilovich, T. & Medvec, V. H. Psychol. Rev. 102, 379–395 (1995).
Zeelenberg, M., van Dijk, W. W. & Manstead, A. S. R. Organ. Behav. Hum. Decis. Process. 81, 143–154 (2000).
Bourgeois-Gironde, S. How regret moves individual and collective choices towards rationality. in Handbook of Behavioural Economics and Smart Decision-Making: Rational Decision-Making within the Bounds of Reason (ed. Altman, M.) 188–204 (Edward Elgar Publishing, 2017).
Connolly, T., Ordóñez, L. D. & Coughlan, R. Organ. Behav. Hum. Decis. Process. 70, 73–85 (1997).
Ordóñez, L. D. & Connolly, T. Organ. Behav. Hum. Decis. Process. 81, 132–142 (2000).
Zeelenberg, M., van Dijk, W. W. & Manstead, A. S. Organ. Behav. Hum. Decis. Process. 74, 254–272 (1998).
Kulakova, E., Khalighinejad, N. & Haggard, P. Conscious. Cogn. 49, 237–244 (2017).
Frith, C. D. Neuropsychologia 55, 137–142 (2014).
Camille, N. et al. Science 304, 1167–1170 (2004).
Coricelli, G. et al. Nat. Neurosci. 8, 1255–1262 (2005).
Zeelenberg, M., Beattie, J., van der Pligt, J. & de Vries, N. K. Organ. Behav. Hum. Decis. Process. 65, 148–158 (1996).
Zeelenberg, M. & Beattie, J. Organ. Behav. Hum. Decis. Process. 72, 63–78 (1997).
Fehr, E. & Fischbacher, U. Evol. Hum. Behav. 25, 63–87 (2004).
Dai, X. Toward a reputation state: the social credit system project of China. Social Science Research Network. https://ssrn.com/abstract=3193577 (2018).
Bartling, B. & Fischbacher, U. Rev. Econ. Stud. 79, 67–87 (2012).
Williams, G. Responsibility. Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. ISSN 2161-0002 http://www.iep.utm.edu/responsi/ (2019).
Edwards, J. Theories of criminal law. in The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy; (ed. Edward, N.Z.) (Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University, 2018).
Waytz, A. & Young, L. Psychol. Sci. 23, 77–85 (2012).
Newheiser, A.-K., Sawaoka, T. & Dovidio, J. F. J. Exp. Soc. Psychol. 48, 931–936 (2012).
Gerstenberg, T. & Lagnado, D. A. Psychon. Bull. Rev. 19, 729–736 (2012).
Zultan, R., Gerstenberg, T. & Lagnado, D. A. Cognition 125, 429–440 (2012).
Lagnado, D. A., Gerstenberg, T. & Zultan, R. Cogn. Sci. 37, 1036–1073 (2013).
Duch, R., Stevenson, R. & Przepiorka, W. Responsibility attribution for collective decision makers. Am. J. Polit. Sci. 59, 372–389 (2015).
Gerstenberg, T. & Lagnado, D.A. Attributing responsibility: actual and counterfactual worlds. in Oxford Studies of Experimental Philosophy (eds Knobe, J., Lombrozo, T. & Nichols, S.) 91–130 (Oxford University Press, 2014).
Coffee, J. C. Mich. Law Rev. 79, 386–459 (1981).
Ohlin, J. D. J. Int. Crim. Justice 5, 69–90 (2005).
Jacobson, J. et al. Joint enterprise: righting a wrong turn? Prison Reform Trust http://www.prisonreformtrust.org.uk/Portals/0/Documents/Joint%20Enterprise%20Righting%20a%20Wrong%20Turn.pdf (2016).
Grossman, E. Political Insight 10, 30–34 (2019).
Hogarth, R.M. What’s a “good” decision? Issues in assessing procedural and ecological quality. in The Wiley Blackwell Handbook of Judgment and Decision Making (eds Keren, G. & Wu, G.) 952–972 (Wiley, 2015).
Frey, R., Hertwig, R. & Herzog, S. M. Med. Decis. Making 34, 258–269 (2014).
Frey, R., Herzog, S. M. & Hertwig, R. BMJ Open 8, e022289 (2018).
Aspinall, W. Nature 463, 294–295 (2010).
Hertwig, R., Pleskac, T. J., Pachur, T, & the Center for Adaptive Rationality Taming Uncertainty. (MIT Press, in press).
Acknowledgements
M.E.Z. is supported by the Wellcome Trust (grant number 538149). B.B. was supported by a starting grant from the European Research Council (NEUROCODEC, 309865), the NOMIS Foundation and the Humboldt Foundation. We thank S. Goss and D. Ain for editing the manuscript. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
M.E.Z., B.B. and R.H. wrote the perspective.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Competing interests
The authors declare no competing interests.
Additional information
Publisher’s note: Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
El Zein, M., Bahrami, B. & Hertwig, R. Shared responsibility in collective decisions. Nat Hum Behav 3, 554–559 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-019-0596-4
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-019-0596-4
This article is cited by
-
Sharing responsibility through joint decision-making and implications for intimate-partner violence: evidence from 12 Sub-Saharan African Countries
Review of Economics of the Household (2024)
-
A comparison of the effects of occupation-based interventions with and without responsibility feedback and conventional interventions on participation in people with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Trials (2023)
-
Social alignment matters: Following pandemic guidelines is associated with better wellbeing
BMC Public Health (2022)
-
Diffusion of punishment in collective norm violations
Scientific Reports (2022)
-
Information aggregation and collective intelligence beyond the wisdom of crowds
Nature Reviews Psychology (2022)