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A global biodiversity observing system to unite monitoring and guide action

Nature Ecology & Evolution volume 7, pages 1947–1952 (2023)Cite this article

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An Author Correction to this article was published on 20 November 2023

This article has been updated

The rate and extent of global biodiversity change is surpassing our ability to measure, monitor and forecast trends. We propose an interconnected worldwide system of observation networks — a global biodiversity observing system (GBiOS) — to coordinate monitoring worldwide and inform action to reach international biodiversity targets.

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Fig. 1: A GBiOS as a global network of interconnected national and regional BONs to assess biodiversity trends worldwide.

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Acknowledgements

To the memory of Bob Scholes who contributed so much to GEO BON and the vision of the GBiOS. A.G. is supported by the Liber Ero Chair in Biodiversity Conservation. Any use of trade, product or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the United States Government. This research was carried out, in part, at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (80NM0018D0004). The first draft was written and prepared by A.G. All authors have read and commented on the paper.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, Group on Earth Observations Biodiversity Observation Network, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

    Andrew Gonzalez, Michael D. Catchen, Brian Leung & Laura J. Pollock

  2. Finnish Environment Institute, Helsinki, Finland

    Petteri Vihervaara

  3. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad (IIES), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelia, Mexico

    Patricia Balvanera

  4. Biology Department, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada

    Amanda E. Bates

  5. EcoCommons Australia, Research, Specialised and Data Foundations, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia

    Elisa Bayraktarov

  6. Manaaki Whenua – Landcare Research, Lincoln, New Zealand

    Peter J. Bellingham

  7. Institute of Microbiology, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Mendrisio, Switzerland

    Andreas Bruder

  8. Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

    Jillian Campbell

  9. Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA

    Jeannine Cavender-Bares & Forest Isbell

  10. German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Halle, Germany

    Jonathan Chase, Nestor Fernandez, Carlos A. Guerra & Henrique Pereira

  11. Department of Computer Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany

    Jonathan Chase & Nestor Fernandez

  12. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

    Nicholas Coops

  13. Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord Universitet, Bodø, Norway

    Mark J. Costello

  14. Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), Trondheim, Norway

    Bálint Czúcz

  15. Fondation for Research on Biodiversity (FRB), Paris, France

    Aurélie Delavaud

  16. Centre for Biological Diversity, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK

    Maria Dornelas

  17. Guia Marine Lab, MARE, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Cascais, Portugal

    Maria Dornelas

  18. Knowledge Centre for Biodiversity, Joint Research Centre of the European Commission, Ispra, Italy

    Grégoire Dubois

  19. Tennenbaum Marine Observatories Network and MarineGEO program, Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, MD, USA

    Emmett J. Duffy

  20. Belgian Science Policy Office, Belgian Biodiversity Platform/Biodiversa+, Brussels, Belgium

    Hilde Eggermont

  21. German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany

    Miguel Fernandez

  22. Environmental Science and Policy, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA

    Miguel Fernandez

  23. CSIRO Environment, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia

    Simon Ferrier

  24. NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA

    Gary N. Geller & Fabian D. Schneider

  25. NatureServe, Arlington, VA, USA

    Michael Gill

  26. Département de biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada

    Dominique Gravel

  27. Department of Biology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany

    Carlos A. Guerra

  28. Department of Natural History, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA

    Robert Guralnick

  29. Vizzuality, Madrid, Spain

    Michael Harfoot

  30. Global Biodiversity Information Facility, Copenhagen, Denmark

    Tim Hirsch

  31. The Center for Tree Science, The Morton Arboretum, Lisle, IL, USA

    Sean Hoban

  32. School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China

    Alice C. Hughes

  33. Paarl, South Africa

    Wim Hugo

  34. US Geological Survey, Wetland & Aquatic Research Center, Sirenia Project, Gainesville, FL, USA

    Margaret E. Hunter

  35. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Center for Biodiversity and Global Change, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA

    Walter Jetz

  36. Institute of Plant Science and Microbiology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany

    Norbert Juergens & Ute Schmiedel

  37. Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    W. Daniel Kissling

  38. bioDISCOVERY, Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland

    Cornelia B. Krug

  39. Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE), Nature Solutions Unit, Helsinki, Finland

    Peter Kullberg

  40. Pôle national de données de biodiversité, PatriNat, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Station Marine de Concarneau, Concarneau, France

    Yvan Le Bras

  41. Alexander von Humboldt Biological Resources Research Institute, Bogotá, Colombia

    Maria Cecilia Londoño-Murcia

  42. The Group on Earth Observations Biodiversity Observation Network (GEO BON), Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

    Jean-Michel Lord, Katie L. Millette & Adriana Radulovici

  43. Theoretical and Experimental Ecology Station, CNRS, Moulis, France

    Michel Loreau

  44. Microsoft, Redmond, WA, USA

    Amy Luers

  45. Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

    Keping Ma

  46. Australian Antarctic Division, Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water, Kingston, Tasmania, Australia

    Anna J. MacDonald

  47. European Commission, Brussels, Belgium

    Joachim Maes

  48. Securing Antarctica’s Environmental Future, Department of Environment and Genetics, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

    Melodie McGeoch

  49. Centre d’Écologie et des Sciences de la Conservation (CESCO), Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CP 135, Paris, France

    Jean Baptiste Mihoub

  50. Centre for Ecological Research, Institute of Ecology and Botany, Vácrátót, Hungary

    Zsolt Molnar

  51. Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies, Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA

    Enrique Montes

  52. Ocean Chemistry and Ecosystems Division, Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Miami, Florida, USA

    Enrique Montes

  53. Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

    Akira S. Mori

  54. College of Marine Science, University of South Florida, St Petersburg, FL, USA

    Frank E. Muller-Karger

  55. River Basin Research Center, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan

    Hiroyuki Muraoka

  56. Biodiversity Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan

    Hiroyuki Muraoka & Yayioi Takeuchi

  57. Akkeshi Marine Station, Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan

    Masahiro Nakaoka

  58. Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), Sevilla, Spain

    Laetitia Navarro

  59. Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, University College London, London, UK

    Tim Newbold

  60. Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Institute, Frankfurt, Germany

    Aidin Niamir

  61. CORDIO East Africa, Mombasa, Kenya

    David Obura

  62. Biodiversity Research Centre and Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

    Mary O’Connor

  63. ESRIN Largo Galileo Galilei, Frascati, Italy

    Marc Paganini

  64. French Institute for the Exploitation of the Sea (Ifremer), Lorient, France

    Dominique Pelletier

  65. Institute of Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany

    Henrique Pereira

  66. Département de Sciences Biologiques, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

    Timothée Poisot

  67. Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, UK

    Andy Purvis

  68. Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Ascot, UK

    Andy Purvis

  69. Department of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Science, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy

    Duccio Rocchini

  70. Remote Sensing Laboratories, Department of Geography, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland

    Claudia Roeoesli & Michael Schaepman

  71. Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland

    Gabriela Schaepman-Strub

  72. Laboratoire écologie fonctionnelle et environnement, Université de Toulouse, INPT, UPS, CNRS, Toulouse, France

    Dirk S. Schmeller

  73. Wildlife Watch Group, Kathmandu, Nepal

    Mangal Man Shakya

  74. Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands

    Andrew Skidmore

  75. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Kirstenbosch National Botanical Gardens, Cape Town, South Africa

    Andrew L. Skowno

  76. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa

    Andrew L. Skowno

  77. Thematic Center for Systematics and Biodiversity Informatics, Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan

    Mao-Ning Tuanmu

  78. NSW Department of Environment and Planning, Parramatta, New South Wales, Australia

    Eren Turak

  79. Earth Science Division, NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC, USA

    Woody Turner

  80. Center of Biological Risk and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA

    Mark C. Urban

  81. Facultad de Estudios Ambientales y Rurales, Departamento de Ecología y Territorio, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia

    Nicolás Urbina-Cardona

  82. Division of Remote Sensing of Forests, Department of Forest Resource Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Umeå, Sweden

    Ruben Valbuena

  83. Royal Belgian Institute for Naturalsciences, Brussels, Belgium

    Anton Van de Putte

  84. Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium

    Anton Van de Putte

  85. Environment and Climate Change Canada, Gatineau, Quebec, Canada

    Basile van Havre

  86. Institute of Geography, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland

    Vladimir Ruslan Wingate

  87. NZ Department of Conservation, Christchurch, New Zealand

    Elaine Wright

  88. Department of Environmental Science and Policy, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA

    Carlos Zambrana Torrelio

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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Andrew Gonzalez.

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The authors have no competing interests.

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Supplementary Information

Supplementary Figure 1, Supplementary Table 1

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Gonzalez, A., Vihervaara, P., Balvanera, P. et al. A global biodiversity observing system to unite monitoring and guide action. Nat Ecol Evol 7, 1947–1952 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-023-02171-0

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