Ambitious targets for the retention — not just formal protection — of nature are urgently needed to conserve biodiversity and to maintain crucial ecosystem services for humanity.
This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution
Relevant articles
Open Access articles citing this article.
-
Matrix condition mediates the effects of habitat fragmentation on species extinction risk
Nature Communications Open Access 01 February 2022
-
Anthropogenic modification of forests means only 40% of remaining forests have high ecosystem integrity
Nature Communications Open Access 08 December 2020
-
Global areas of low human impact (‘Low Impact Areas’) and fragmentation of the natural world
Scientific Reports Open Access 02 October 2019
Access options
Subscribe to Nature+
Get immediate online access to Nature and 55 other Nature journal
$29.99
monthly
Subscribe to Journal
Get full journal access for 1 year
$119.00
only $9.92 per issue
All prices are NET prices.
VAT will be added later in the checkout.
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.
Buy article
Get time limited or full article access on ReadCube.
$32.00
All prices are NET prices.

References
Gannon, P. et al. Parks 23.2, 13–26 (2017).
Halpern, B. S. et al. Nat. Commun. 6, 7615 (2015).
Venter, O. et al. Nat. Commun. 7, 12558 (2016).
Maron, M., Rhodes, J. R. & Gibbons, P. Conserv. Lett. 6, 359–367 (2013).
Pressey, R. L., Visconti, P. & Ferraro, P. J. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B 370, 20140280 (2015).
Büscher, B. et al. Oryx 51, 407–410 (2016).
Dinerstein, E. et al. Bioscience 67, 534–545 (2017).
Watson, J. E. M. et al. Conserv. Biol. 30, 243–248 (2016).
Wilson, E. O. Half-Earth: Our Planet’s Fight for Life (Liveright, New York, 2016).
Ricketts, T. H. et al. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 102, 18497–18501 (2005).
Scheffers, B. R. et al. Science 354, aaf7671 (2016).
Ceballos, G., Ehrlich, P. R. & Dirzo, R. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 114, E6089–E6096 (2017).
Watson, J. E. M., Dudley, N., Segan, D. B. & Hockings, M. Nature 515, 67–73 (2014).
Soga, M. & Gaston, K. J. Front. Ecol. Environ. 14, 94–101 (2016).
Maes, J., Paracchini, M. L., Zulian, G., Dunbar, M. B. & Alkemade, R. Biol. Conserv. 155, 1–12 (2012).
Maxwell, S. L. et al. Science 347, aaa1451 (2015).
Venter, O. et al. Sci. Data 3, 160067 (2016).
Avitabile, V. et al. Glob. Change Biol. 22, 1406–1420 (2016).
Jasechko, S. et al. Nature 496, 347–351 (2013).
Rockström, J. et al. Nature 461, 472–475 (2009).
Watson, J. E. M. & Venter, O. Nature 550, 48–49 (2017).
Watson, J. E. M. et al. Nat. Ecol. Evol. 2, 599–610 (2018).
Cowie, A. L. et al. Environ. Sci. Policy 79, 25–35 (2018).
Watson, J. E. M. et al. Conserv. Lett. 9, 413–421 (2016).
Acknowledgements
We thank S. Butchart, N. Dudley, T. Evans, P. Langhammer and M. Mulligan for feedback on a draft manuscript.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Competing interests
The authors declare no competing interests.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Maron, M., Simmonds, J.S. & Watson, J.E.M. Bold nature retention targets are essential for the global environment agenda. Nat Ecol Evol 2, 1194–1195 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-018-0595-2
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-018-0595-2
This article is cited by
-
Matrix condition mediates the effects of habitat fragmentation on species extinction risk
Nature Communications (2022)
-
Humid tropical vertebrates are at lower risk of extinction and population decline in forests with higher structural integrity
Nature Ecology & Evolution (2022)
-
Scientific foundations for an ecosystem goal, milestones and indicators for the post-2020 global biodiversity framework
Nature Ecology & Evolution (2021)
-
Reduced ecological resilience jeopardizes zero loss of biodiversity using the mitigation hierarchy
Nature Ecology & Evolution (2020)
-
Area-based conservation in the twenty-first century
Nature (2020)