Abstract
The Paris Agreement requires countries to articulate near-term emissions reduction strategies through to 2025 or 2030 by communicating nationally determined contributions (NDCs), as well as encouraging the formulation of long-term low-emission development strategies (Article 4.19)1. In response, many countries have either submitted or are preparing mid-century strategies2. Most NDCs set high-level near-term goals—such as limits on emissions or emissions intensity3—which do not provide information about the extent to which they lay the foundations of technology, infrastructure and institutions for deeper reductions in the future, which is a key question for decision makers. Here, using a state-level model of the US embedded within a global integrated assessment model4,5, we demonstrate that although the US NDC lies on a straight-line emissions pathway towards its mid-century strategy, the resulting energy system transitions involve nonlinear transformations. The rates of capacity additions and capital investments in electricity generation beyond 2025 are more than three times the rates during the next decade. Our results demonstrate the need for global stocktaking exercises to evaluate the NDCs using metrics broader than emissions to better illuminate their effectiveness in addressing the Paris Agreement’s long-term goals6,7.
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Change history
21 November 2017
In the version of this Article previously published, technical problems led to the wrong summary appearing on the homepage, and an incorrect Supplementary Information file being uploaded. Both errors have now been corrected.
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Acknowledgements
The authors are grateful for research support provided by the MILES project Consortium under contract to DG CLIMA (No. 21.0104/2014/684427/SER/CLIMA.A.4). This project is funded by the European Union (EU). The views and opinions expressed in this paper are those of the authors alone and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the EU or any government or organization.
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G.I., L.C. and J.E. designed the research. G.I. wrote the first draft of the paper. C.L. performed the model simulations. All the authors contributed to writing the paper.
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A correction to this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-017-0027-3.
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Iyer, G., Ledna, C., Clarke, L. et al. Measuring progress from nationally determined contributions to mid-century strategies. Nature Clim Change 7, 871–874 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-017-0005-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-017-0005-9
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