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ADHESION

Atypical matrix adhesions guide cell division

Nature Cell Biology volume 20, pages 1233–1235 (2018)Cite this article

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Classical actin-dependent, integrin-mediated cell–matrix adhesions disassemble before mitotic rounding. Yet, to transmit positional information and facilitate daughter-cell separation, dividing cells maintain connections to the matrix. A previously unidentified class of actin-independent integrin adhesions may fulfil this task.

Integrin-based cell-matrix adhesion complexes come in a variety of flavours, differing in the type of integrin receptors at their core and in the molecular composition of their associated plaque proteins1. Such diversity is observed between cell types, in different extracellular matrix environments, and even within the same cell at distinct regions or times. The composition of each integrin-mediated adhesion complex is optimized for its particular function. For example, fibrillar adhesions, which take part in fibronectin matrix remodelling, are enriched in tensin and α5β1-integrin, whereas focal adhesions (FAs), which polymerize and anchor contractile stress fibres, contain both α5β1 and αVβ3-integrins2,3. Common to all integrin-mediated adhesion complexes described to date is a robust connection with the cytoskeleton4. With the exception of α6β4-integrin, which connects to the intermediate filament keratin, all known integrin adhesion complexes connect to and are dependent on filamentous actin, and despite variations in their composition they all share a common set of at least 60 canonical plaque proteins, including talin, paxillin and vinculin5. In this issue of Nature Cell Biology, Lock et al. describe a new type of integrin adhesions that is entirely independent of actin and contains only one (tensin-3) of the 60 consensus plaque proteins6. Named reticular adhesions (RAs), due to their network-like appearance in central regions of the cell, these αVβ5-integrin-based structures can be found in a wide range of adherent cell types, provided their extracellular matrix contains the αVβ5-ligand vitronectin6.

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Fig. 1: Reticular adhesions guide cell division.

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  1. Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel

    Ronen Zaidel-Bar

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  1. Ronen Zaidel-Bar
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Correspondence to Ronen Zaidel-Bar.

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Zaidel-Bar, R. Atypical matrix adhesions guide cell division. Nat Cell Biol 20, 1233–1235 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41556-018-0226-9

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