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Lentiviral delivery of co-packaged Cas9 mRNA and a Vegfa-targeting guide RNA prevents wet age-related macular degeneration in mice

Nature Biomedical Engineering volume 5, pages 144–156 (2021)Cite this article

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Abstract

Therapeutic genome editing requires effective and targeted delivery methods. The delivery of Cas9 mRNA using adeno-associated viruses has led to potent in vivo therapeutic efficacy, but can cause sustained Cas9 expression, anti-Cas9 immune responses and off-target edits. Lentiviral vectors have been engineered to deliver nucleases that are expressed transiently, but in vivo evidence of their biomedical efficacy is lacking. Here, we show that the lentiviral codelivery of Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9 mRNA and expression cassettes that encode a guide RNA that targets vascular endothelial growth factor A (Vegfa) is efficacious in a mouse model of wet age-related macular degeneration induced by Vegfa. A single subretinal injection of engineered lentiviruses knocked out 44% of Vegfa in retinal pigment epithelium and reduced the area of choroidal neovascularization by 63% without inducing off-target edits or anti-Cas9 immune responses. Engineered lentiviruses for the transient expression of nucleases may form the basis of new treatments for retinal neovascular diseases.

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Fig. 1: Construction of a lentiviral system for efficient mRNA delivery.
Fig. 2: mLP-Cas9 edits genomes by time-restricted nuclease exposure.
Fig. 3: All-in-one mLP-CRISPR enhances gene-editing efficiency.
Fig. 4: mLP-CRISPR targets RPE cells efficiently and specifically in vivo.
Fig. 5: In vivo knockout of Vegfa after a single injection of mLP-CRISPR.
Fig. 6: Immune responses to mLP-CRISPR.
Fig. 7: mLP-CRISPR prevents CNV in a mouse model of laser-induced wAMD.

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Data availability

The main data supporting the results in this study are available within the paper and its Supplementary Information. Source data for the figures are available at Figshare (https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.12611819)76. The deep-sequencing and Nanopore DNA-sequencing data are available at the NCBI BioProject under the identifiers PRJNA642029, PRJNA593168 and PRJNA628164.

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Acknowledgements

We thank W. Yang at the Southern Medical University, China, for discussions and scientific input for the immunology part of the study. Y.C. is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (no. 31971364), Pujiang Talent Project of Shanghai (no. 18PJ1404500), Shanghai Municipal Natural Science Foundation (no. 18ZR1419300), and startup funding from Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University (no. WF220441504).

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  1. These authors contributed equally: Sikai Ling, Shiqi Yang.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

    Sikai Ling, Di Yin, Yao Dai & Yujia Cai

  2. Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People’s Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

    Shiqi Yang & Xiaodong Sun

  3. Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China

    Xinde Hu & Hui Yang

  4. School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

    Xiaoqing Qian

  5. National Research Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

    Dawei Wang

  6. Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing (Ministry of Education), Institute of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

    Xiaoyong Pan

  7. Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shanghai Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

    Jiaxu Hong

  8. Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark

    Soren Riis Paludan

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Contributions

S.L. and Y.C. conceived the study and designed the experiments; S.L., S.Y., X.H., D.Y., Y.D., X.Q., D.W. and J.H. performed the experiments; all of the authors analysed the data; S.L. and Y.C. wrote the manuscript with help from all of the authors.

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Correspondence to Yujia Cai.

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Ling, S., Yang, S., Hu, X. et al. Lentiviral delivery of co-packaged Cas9 mRNA and a Vegfa-targeting guide RNA prevents wet age-related macular degeneration in mice. Nat Biomed Eng 5, 144–156 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41551-020-00656-y

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