This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution
Access options
Subscribe to Journal
Get full journal access for 1 year
$119.00
only $14.88 per issue
All prices are NET prices.
VAT will be added later in the checkout.
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.
Buy article
Get time limited or full article access on ReadCube.
$32.00
All prices are NET prices.
References
Shell-Duncan B, Hernlund Y, Wander K, Moreau A. Legislating Change? Responses to criminalizing female genital cutting in Senegal. Law Soc Rev. 2013;47:803–35. https://doi.org/10.1111/lasr.12044.
Gruenbaum E, Earp BD, Shweder RA. Reconsidering the role of patriarchy in upholding female genital modifications: analysis of contemporary and pre-industrial societies. Int J Impot Res. 2022. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41443-022-00581-5.
Rubin G. The traffic in women: notes on the ‘political economy’ of sex. In: Reiter RR, editor. Toward an anthropology of women. New York and London: Monthly Review Press; 1975. p. 157–210.
Clark BA, Virani A. This wasn’t a split-second decision: an empirical ethical analysis of transgender youth capacity, rights, and authority to consent to hormone therapy. J Bioeth Inq. 2021;18:151–64. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11673-020-10086-9.
Levine SB, Abbruzzese E, Mason JW. Reconsidering informed consent for trans-identified children, adolescents, and young adults. J Sex Marital Ther. 2022;48:706–27. https://doi.org/10.1080/0092623X.2022.2046221.
Hellsten SK. Rationalising circumcision: from tradition to fashion, from public health to individual freedom-critical notes on cultural persistence of the practice of genital mutilation. J Med Ethics. 2004;30:248–53. https://doi.org/10.1136/jme.2004.008888.
Ching AH, Hirschman A, Lu X, Maniskas S, Forte AJ, Alperovich M, et al. Perception of femininity and attractiveness in Facial Feminization Surgery. Ann Transl Med. 2021;9:602 https://doi.org/10.21037/atm-20-3376.
Scheper-Hughes N, Lock MM. The mindful body: a prolegomenon to future work in medical anthropology. Med Anthropol Q. 1987;1:18. https://doi.org/10.1525/maq.1987.1.1.02a00020.
Sapir E. Culture, genuine and spurious. Am Journ Sociol. 1924;29:4.
Nassiri N, Maas M, Basin M, Cacciamani GE, Doumanian LR. Urethral complications after gender reassignment surgery: a systematic review. Int J Impot Res. 2021;33:793–800. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41443-020-0304-y.
Hassan O, Sun D, Jha P. Imaging in gender affirmation surgery. Curr Urol Rep. 2021;22:14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11934-020-01029-3.
Becerra-Culqui TA, Liu Y, Nash R, Cromwell L, Flanders WD, Getahun D, et al. Mental health of transgender and gender nonconforming youth compared with their peers. Pediatrics. 2018;141:e20173845. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2017-3845.
Bromberger C, Todorov T. Germaine Tillion: une ethnologue dans le siècle. Actes sud; 2002.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
MF conceived and designed this response/article.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Competing interests
The author declares no competing interests.
Additional information
Publisher’s note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Fusaschi, M. Gendered Genital Modifications (GGMo): a universalistic anthropological approach. Response to Catalan and Emilova. Int J Impot Res (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41443-022-00643-8
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41443-022-00643-8