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Factors associated with postoperative urinary retention in patients undergoing penile prosthesis implantation

International Journal of Impotence Research volume 36, pages 201–205 (2024)Cite this article

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Abstract

Placement of penile prosthesis had been well described in the outpatient setting, however, one barrier to same-day discharge is postoperative urinary retention (POUR). POUR remains a condition encountered during ambulatory surgical procedures and has yet to be characterized in patients undergoing penile prosthesis. We characterized POUR in a cohort of penile prosthesis recipients along with risk factors and management. Patients undergoing penile prosthesis implantation from 2014 through 2020 without pre-existing retention were included. All patients underwent a void trial immediately following penile prosthesis in the post-anesthesia care unit. POUR was strictly defined as (1) any patient requiring catheter replacement after prosthesis, (2) a rising post-void residual, or (3) inability to void after 6 h regardless of whether a catheter was placed. Independent procedures, demographic, intraoperative, and postoperative risk factors for POUR were assessed. 317 men were included of whom 27.1% experienced POUR. Men experiencing POUR and those not in retention were essentially indistinguishable with respect to previously described risk factors for POUR. Only use of both α-blockers and 5-α-reductase inhibitors was significantly associated with a greater risk of POUR, a finding maintained on adjusted analysis (adjusted odds ratio 10.1, 95% confidence interval 2.1 to 49.8). POUR resolved without intervention in 3.5%, a single episode of clean intermittent catheterization (CIC) in 7.0% of patients, and repeated CIC or indwelling catheter placement with a successful delayed void trial in 88.4% of patients. Rate of prosthesis infection in patients who experienced POUR did not significantly differ from those who did not experience POUR (4.7% vs. 2.2% p = 0.26). Our findings suggest that POUR is experienced in as many as 1 in 4 men undergoing penile prosthesis placement, most of whom must be managed with indwelling catheterization or repeated CIC. Those with indicators of symptomatic prostate enlargement are at significantly greater risk of urinary retention.

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Fig. 1: Management of Patients with POUR.

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Data availability

The dataset generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The author(s) received no financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Einstein Healthcare Network, Department of Urology, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Johnathan A. Drevik, Zafardjan Dalimov & Jacob Lucas

  2. Fox Chase Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Johnathan A. Drevik, Zafardjan Dalimov, Jacob Lucas, Jay Simhan & Joshua A. Cohn

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  1. Johnathan A. Drevik
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Contributions

JL and JS conceived of the presented idea. JD carried out the chart review. ZD performed statistical analysis and table creation of the data. JD wrote the manuscript with input from all authors. JS and JC supervised the project.

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Correspondence to Johnathan A. Drevik.

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Drevik, J.A., Dalimov, Z., Lucas, J. et al. Factors associated with postoperative urinary retention in patients undergoing penile prosthesis implantation. Int J Impot Res 36, 201–205 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41443-022-00622-z

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