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Effects of aerobic exercise on blood pressure in patients with hypertension: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized trials

Hypertension Research volume 47, pages 385–398 (2024)Cite this article

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Abstract

We aimed to evaluate the dose-dependent effects of aerobic exercise on systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and haemodynamic factors in adults with hypertension. PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched to April 2022 for randomized trials of aerobic exercise in adults with hypertension. We conducted a random-effects meta-analysis to estimate mean differences (MDs) and 95%CIs for each 30 min/week increase in aerobic exercise. The certainty of evidence was rated using the GRADE approach. The analysis of 34 trials with 1787 participants indicated that each 30 min/week aerobic exercise reduced SBP by 1.78 mmHg (95%CI: −2.22 to −1.33; n = 34, GRADE=low), DBP by 1.23 mmHg (95%CI: −1.53 to −0.93; n = 34, GRADE=moderate), resting heart rate (MD = −1.08 bpm, 95%CI: −1.46 to −0.71; n = 23, GRADE=low), and mean arterial pressure (MD = −1.37 mmHg, 95%CI: −1.80 to −0.93; n = 9, GRADE = low). A nonlinear dose-dependent decrement was seen on SBP and DBP, with the greatest decrement at 150 min/week (MD150 min/week = −7.23 mmHg, 95%CI: −9.08 to −5.39 for SBP and −5.58 mmHg, 95%CI: −6.90 to −4.27 for DBP). Aerobic exercise can lead to a large and clinically important reduction in blood pressure in a dose-dependent manner, with the greatest reduction at 150 min/week.

The dose-dependent effects of aerobic exercise on systolic and diastolic blood pressure and haemodynamic factors in adults with hypertension.

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All data indicated and analyzed for this study are available by request to the corresponding author.

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  • 13 November 2023

    In the original version of this article, Abstract tagging is corrected. The original article has been corrected.

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Funding

This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors. Bahareh Jabbarzadeh Ganjeh made the greatest contribution to the paper.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Community Nutrition, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Bahareh Jabbarzadeh Ganjeh, Sheida Zeraattalab-Motlagh, Ahmad Jayedi, Mojtaba Daneshvar, Reyhane Norouziasl, Shadi Ghaemi & Sakineh Shab-Bidar

  2. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran

    Ahmad Jayedi

  3. Department of Sports Nutrition, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Zahra Gohari

  4. Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Maryam Selk-Ghaffari, Navid Moghadam & Ramin Kordi

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Contributions

SS-B designed the study. BJG, SZM, and ZG: conducted the systematic search and data extraction; SZM and AJ: analyzed the data; BJG, SZM, MD, and RN: wrote the first draft; SZM, SS-B, MSG, NM, RK, and AJ: entirely revised the manuscript; SSB, had main responsibility for the final manuscript; and all authors: read and affirmed the final manuscript.

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Jabbarzadeh Ganjeh, B., Zeraattalab-Motlagh, S., Jayedi, A. et al. Effects of aerobic exercise on blood pressure in patients with hypertension: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized trials. Hypertens Res 47, 385–398 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41440-023-01467-9

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