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Inhibitor of apoptosis proteins in human health and disease

Genes & Immunity volume 20, pages 641–650 (2019)Cite this article

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Abstract

The inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) are best known for their ability to regulate cell survival and death processes. However, in addition to cell death, IAPs also act as innate immune sensors and modulate multiple pathways, such as autophagy and cell division. Many of these IAP functions are non-redundant even though they are based on the same molecular mechanism of action. These distinct functions of IAPs derive from their capacity to target specific substrates for ubiquitination and/or proteolytic cleavage. The unique functions of IAPs also derives from their unique cellular localizations, cell type and tissue-specific expression patterns. The diverse roles of IAPs are reflected by the fact that in humans the IAP family comprises eight distinct members. Genetic evidence from human pathologies also attests to the non-redundant functions of the IAPs since very diverse diseases arise upon aberrant IAP expression. In this review, we give an overview of the known mechanisms of action of the various IAPs, and focus on their specific roles in mediating innate immunity. We also look at the distinct phenotypes related to the dysregulation of the IAPs, and the human pathologies associated with each human IAP.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Marcello Turi for the graphical design of Fig. 1, and Prof. Percy Knolle for critical comments.

Funding

Matous Hrdinka is supported by The Czech Science Foundation (GA CR 18-24070Y), the Institutional Development Plan of University of Ostrava and The Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (IRP03_2018‐2020), and MH CZ—DRO (FNOs/2017). Monica Yabal is supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG project number 405101514).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Haematooncology, University Hospital Ostrava, 17. listopadu 1790, 70800, Ostrava, Czech Republic

    Matous Hrdinka

  2. Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Syllabova 19, 70300, Ostrava, Czech Republic

    Matous Hrdinka

  3. Institute of Molecular Immunology and Experimental Oncology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Straße 22, 81675, Munich, Germany

    Monica Yabal

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Hrdinka, M., Yabal, M. Inhibitor of apoptosis proteins in human health and disease. Genes Immun 20, 641–650 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41435-019-0078-8

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