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Prevalence of oral lesions in patients with AIDS: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Evidence-Based Dentistry (2021)Cite this article

A Correction to this article was published on 25 March 2022

Abstract

Background Oral lesions are considered to be early clinical signs which may predict the progression of patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Due to the lack of a comprehensive study that includes oral lesions in people with AIDS, the global prevalence of oral lesions in people with AIDS was estimated by combining preliminary studies' results using meta-analysis.

Material and methods Databases including PubMed, Science Direct and Scopus were searched using keywords as 'HIV', 'AIDS', 'oral candidiasis', 'Kaposi Sarcoma', 'LinearGingival Erythema' and OR operators, AND and NOT. After the elimination of duplicate documents, articles that met the inclusion criteria were selected. Quality assessment was performed based on the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. After combining the results of preliminary studies, an overall estimate of each lesion was reported. Ninety-five studies met the criteria for inclusion in this meta-analysis.

Results The global prevalence of 21 oral lesions in HIV-infected patients was estimated. The overall prevalence of oral candidiasis, pseudomembranous candidiasis, oral hairy leukoplakia, Kaposi sarcoma and erythematous candidiasis was as follows: 35% (95% CI: 28-42), 19% (95% CI: 15-22), 12% (95% CI: 11-14), 5% (95% CI: 4-6) and 18% (95% CI: 14-22).

Conclusion The present meta-analysis showed that oral lesions have a high prevalence in patients with AIDS. Dentists should consider that the clinical appearance of the oral cavity reflects the overall systemic health of the patient. As such, oral lesions may be linked to underlying immunosuppression caused by AIDS.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. PhD in Epidemiology, Associate Professor, Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Centre, Non-Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran

    Mahmood Moosazadeh

  2. Dentistry Student, Student Research Committee, Faculty of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran

    Ali Malekzadeh Shafaroudi, Nadia Elyassi Gorji & Pegah Nasiri

  3. PhD in Health Information Management, Department of Paramedicine, Amol School of Paramedical Sciences, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran

    Saeed Barzegari

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PN, AMS and NE collected the data, MM and SB performed the statistical analyses, interpreted data, and drafted and revised the manuscript for important intellectual content. PN, NE and AMS reviewed the analyses and the final version of the manuscript. MM and AMS interpreted data, revised the manuscript for important intellectual content and approved the final version. All authors have read and approved the manuscript.

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All authors declare that there is no conflict of interest. Consent for publication: not applicable. Availability of data and materials: the datasets used and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. Funding: not applicable.

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Moosazadeh, M., Shafaroudi, A., Gorji, N. et al. Prevalence of oral lesions in patients with AIDS: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Evid Based Dent (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41432-021-0209-8

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