Skip to main content

Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles and JavaScript.

  • Brief Communication
  • Published:

Association of dietary components with dyslipidemia and low-grade inflammation biomarkers in adults with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia from different countries

Abstract

The association of components of a low saturated fat (SFA) and of a Mediterranean diet was tested with atherosclerosis biomarkers in 190 familial hypercholesterolemia adults (FH) from Brazil (BR) and Spain (SP). Median blood LDL-C, Apolipoprotein B (apoB), and C reactive protein (hs-CRP) concentrations were higher in BR than in SP: 179.0 vs.161 mg/dL; 141 vs. 103 mg/dL; and 1.6 vs. 0.8 mg/L respectively (all p < 0.001). In BR there was lower median total fat (22.3 vs. 38.3%) and SFA (8.1 vs. 12.5%) but higher cholesterol (283.3 mg vs.188.9 mg) and carbohydrate (57.1 vs. 42.5%) consumption (all p < 0.001). Inverse associations were encountered between fibers, mono, and polyunsaturated fats and their ratios to SFA with LDL-C and ApoB (all p < 0.001). There was a direct association respectively of cholesterol with lipid biomarkers and of carbohydrates and trans-fatty acids with hs-CRP while other fats showed inverse relations with the latter (p < 0.001).

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution

Access options

Rent or buy this article

Prices vary by article type

from$1.95

to$39.95

Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout

Fig. 1

References

  1. Gidding SS, Ann Champagne M, de Ferranti SD, Defesche J, Ito MK, Knowles JW, et al. The agenda for familial hypercholesterolemia: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2015;132:2167–92.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Watts GF, Gidding S, Wierzbicki AS, Toth PP, Alonso R, Brown WV, et al. Integrated guidance on the care of familial hypercholesterolemia from the International FH Foundation. J Clin Lipidol. 2014;8:148–72.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Estruch R, Ros E, Salas-Salvado J, Covas MI, Corella D, Aros F, et al. Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease with a mediterranean diet supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil or nuts. New Engl J Med. 2018;378:e34.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Grundy SM, Stone NJ, Bailey AL, Beam C, Birtcher KK, Blumenthal RS, et al. 2018 AHA/ACC/AACVPR/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/ADA/AGS/APhA/ASPC/NLA/PCNA guideline on the management of blood cholesterol: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on clinical practice guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2019;73:e285–350.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Jannes CE, Santos RD, de Souza Silva PR, Turolla L, Gagliardi AC, Marsiglia JD, et al. Familial hypercholesterolemia in Brazil: cascade screening program, clinical and genetic aspects. Atherosclerosis. 2015;238:101–7.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Perez de Isla L, Alonso R, Mata N, Fernandez-Perez C, Muniz O, Diaz-Diaz JL, et al. Predicting cardiovascular events in familial hypercholesterolemia: the SAFEHEART Registry (Spanish Familial Hypercholesterolemia Cohort Study). Circulation. 2017;135:2133–44.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Sichieri R, Everhart JE. Validity of a Brazilian food frequency questionnaire against dietary recalls and estimated energy intake. Nutr Res. 1998;18:1649–59.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Vazquez C, Alonso R, Garriga M, de Cos A, de la Cruz JJ, Fuentes-Jimenez F, et al. Validation of a food frequency questionnaire in Spanish patients with familial hypercholesterolaemia. Nutr, Metab, Cardiovascular Dis. 2012;22:836–42.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. JOJO Genetics Database. http://www.jojogenetics.nl/wp/database/.

  10. Langsted A, Kamstrup PR, Benn M, Tybjaerg-Hansen A, Nordestgaard BG. High lipoprotein(a) as a possible cause of clinical familial hypercholesterolaemia: a prospective cohort study. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2016;4:577–87.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Pimstone SN, Sun XM, du Souich C, Frohlich JJ, Hayden MR, Soutar AK. Phenotypic variation in heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia: a comparison of Chinese patients with the same or similar mutations in the LDL receptor gene in China or Canada. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1998;18:309–15.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

RDS is a recipient of a scholarship from the Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Tecnologico (CNPq) process # 303734/2018-3.

Funding

The funding of Sociedade Hospital Samaritano and Ministério da Saúde (PROADI-SUS; SIPAR: 25000.180.672/2011-81) and FAPESP (grant no 2013/17368-0) are gratefully acknowledged.

Authors contributions

LA and RAO contributed equally to the study. Both worked on the following stages of work: conceptualization; data curation; formal analysis; investigation; methodology and writing, reviewing and editing. RDS, MSB, and PM conceptualized the study, RDS wrote the study. All other authors worked on data acquisition, reviewed the study and approved its final version.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Raul D. Santos.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

RDS has received honoraria related to consulting, research and or speaker activities from Ache, Akcea, Amgen, Astra Zeneca, Biolab, Esperion, Kowa, Merck, Novo-Nordisk, Pfizer, and Sanofi Regeneron. Other authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Publisher’s note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Supplementary information

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Antoniazzi, L., Arroyo-Olivares, R., Bittencourt, M.S. et al. Association of dietary components with dyslipidemia and low-grade inflammation biomarkers in adults with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia from different countries. Eur J Clin Nutr 73, 1622–1625 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-019-0529-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-019-0529-3

This article is cited by

Search

Quick links