Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) stem cells increase the sustainability of tumor growth, resulting in high relapse rates in patients with PCa. This goal of the present study was to elucidate the function of microRNA (miR)-211 in PCa stem cell activities. Based on the initial findings from the GSE26910 dataset, inhibin-β A (INHBA) was used for subsequent experiments, and miR-211 was then predicted as a candidate regulatory miR. Subsequently, INHBA and miR-211 were observed to be highly and poorly expressed in PCa tissues, respectively, and miR-211 negatively target INHBA. CD44+CD133+ cells were isolated, and both miR-211 and INHBA expression was altered in these cells to assess functional role of miR-211 and INHBA in PCa stem cells. Overexpression of miR-211 decreased expression of TGF-β1, TGF-β2, smad2, smad3, phosphorylated smad2 and smad3, and stem cell markers. miR-211 upregulation or INHBA knockdown resulted in reductions in the proliferation, invasion, colony-forming ability, sphere-forming ability, and stemness of PCa stem cells but enhanced their apoptosis in vitro. Furthermore, miR-211 upregulation or INHBA silencing decreased tumor growth and cell apoptosis in vivo. Taken together, these results indicate that upregulation of miR-211 has tumor-suppressive properties by inhibiting TGF-β pathway activation via INHBA in PCa stem cells.
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Data availability
The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Change history
20 May 2022
This article has been retracted. Please see the Retraction Notice for more detail: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41417-022-00481-2
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We would like to acknowledge the reviewers for their helpful comments on this paper.
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ZZ and KW conceived and designed the research, ST and KW participated in the data collection and the data interpretation, ZZ and KW drafted and completed manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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This article has been retracted. Please see the retraction notice for more detail: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41417-022-00481-2
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Zhao, Z., Wang, K. & Tan, S. RETRACTED ARTICLE: microRNA-211-mediated targeting of the INHBA-TGF-β axis suppresses prostate tumor formation and growth. Cancer Gene Ther 28, 514–528 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41417-020-00237-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41417-020-00237-w
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