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Epidemiology

Tea consumption and gastric cancer: a pooled analysis from the Stomach cancer Pooling (StoP) Project consortium

British Journal of Cancer volume 127, pages 726–734 (2022)Cite this article

Subjects

Abstract

Background

Evidence from epidemiological studies on the role of tea drinking in gastric cancer risk remains inconsistent. We aimed to investigate and quantify the relationship between tea consumption and gastric cancer in the Stomach cancer Pooling (StoP) Project consortium.

Methods

A total of 9438 cases and 20,451 controls from 22 studies worldwide were included. Odds ratios (ORs) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of gastric cancer for regular versus non-regular tea drinkers were estimated by one and two-stage modelling analyses, including terms for sex, age and the main recognised risk factors for gastric cancer.

Results

Compared to non-regular drinkers, the estimated adjusted pooled OR for regular tea drinkers was 0.91 (95% CI: 0.85–0.97). When the amount of tea consumed was considered, the OR for consumption of 1–2 cups/day was 1.01 (95% CI: 0.94–1.09) and for >3 cups/day was 0.91 (95% CI: 0.80–1.03). Stronger inverse associations emerged among regular drinkers in China and Japan (OR: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.49–0.91) where green tea is consumed, in subjects with H. pylori infection (OR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.58–0.80), and for gastric cardia cancer (OR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.49–0.84).

Conclusion

Our results indicate a weak inverse association between tea consumption and gastric cancer.

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Fig. 1: Overall regular tea consumption and gastric cancer.
Fig. 2: Categories of tea consumption and gastric cancer.
Fig. 3: Overall tea consumption and gastric cancer in strata of selected variables.
Fig. 4: Tea-drinking intensity (as a continuous variable) and gastric cancer.

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Data availability

Data supporting the results reported in the paper cannot be found on publicly available databases. Data can be provided on reasonable request from the authors.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the European Cancer Prevention (ECP) Organization for providing support for the StoP meetings.

Funding

This study was supported by the Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro (AIRC), Project no. 21378 (Investigator Grant) and by the Italian League for the Fight Against Cancer (LILT). Brazilian data collection received support from Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (14/26897-0). NL and SM are funded under the Unidade de Investigação em Epidemiologia—Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto (EPIUnit; UIDB/04750/2020) financed by national funds from the Foundation for Science and Technology—FCT (Portuguese Ministry of Science, Technology and Higher Education). SM also received funding under the scope of the project ‘NEON-PC—Neuro-oncological complications of prostate cancer: longitudinal study of cognitive decline’ (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-032358; Ref. PTDC/SAU-EPI/32358/2017) funded by FEDER through the Operational Program Competitiveness and Internationalization, and national funding from FCT, and the EPIUnit—Junior Research—Prog Financing (UIDP/04750/2020).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Branch of Medical Statistics, Biometry and Epidemiology “G.A. Maccacaro”, University of Milan, Milan, Italy

    Georgia Martimianaki, Claudio Pelucchi, Rossella Bonzi, Michela Dalmartello, Monica Ferraroni, Eva Negri & Carlo La Vecchia

  2. Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece

    Georgia Martimianaki, Antonia Trichopoulou & Anna Karakatsani

  3. Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy

    Gianfranco Alicandro

  4. Cystic Fibrosis Centre, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy

    Gianfranco Alicandro

  5. Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy

    Matteo Rota

  6. Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China

    Jinfu Hu

  7. School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

    Kenneth C. Johnson

  8. Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA

    Charles S. Rabkin, Linda M. Liao, Rashmi Sinha, Mary H. Ward & M. Constanza Camargo

  9. Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Zuo-Feng Zhang

  10. EPIUnit—Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal

    Nuno Lunet & Samantha Morais

  11. Departamento de Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses e Educação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal

    Nuno Lunet & Samantha Morais

  12. Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Porto, Portugal

    Nuno Lunet & Samantha Morais

  13. Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network, ISPRO, Florence, Italy

    Domenico Palli

  14. Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Peking, China

    Guo-Pei Yu

  15. Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan

    Shoichiro Tsugane & Akihisa Hidaka

  16. National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan

    Shoichiro Tsugane

  17. Centro Internacional de Pesquisas, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil

    Maria Paula Curado & Emmanuel Dias-Neto

  18. Department of clinical epidemiology, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center for Oncology, Moscow, Russia

    David Zaridze & Dmitry Maximovitch

  19. Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain

    Jesus Vioque & Manoli Garcia de la Hera

  20. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernandez (ISABIAL-UMH), Alicante, Spain

    Jesus Vioque & Manoli Garcia de la Hera

  21. Mexico National Institute of Public Health, Morelos, Mexico

    Lizbeth López-Carrillo

  22. Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA

    Raúl Ulises Hernández-Ramírez

  23. Nikkei Disease Prevention Center, São Paulo, Brazil

    Gerson Shigueaki Hamada

  24. Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA

    Lina Mu

  25. Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Reza Malekzadeh

  26. Digestive Disease Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran

    Farhad Pourfarzi

  27. 2nd Pulmonary Medicine Department, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, “ATTIKON” University Hospital, Haidari, Greece

    Anna Karakatsani

  28. Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Centre, New York, NY, USA

    Robert C. Kurtz

  29. Department of Public and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of West Attica, Athens, Greece

    Areti Lagiou

  30. Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece

    Pagona Lagiou

  31. Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA

    Pagona Lagiou

  32. Section of Hygiene, University Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italia

    Stefania Boccia

  33. Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health—Public Health Area, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italia

    Stefania Boccia

  34. Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA

    Paolo Boffetta

  35. Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy

    Paolo Boffetta & Eva Negri

  36. Pegaso Online University, Naples, Italy

    Eva Negri

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  1. Georgia Martimianaki
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  2. Gianfranco Alicandro
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  4. Rossella Bonzi
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  6. Jinfu Hu
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  7. Kenneth C. Johnson
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  8. Charles S. Rabkin
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  15. Domenico Palli
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  40. M. Constanza Camargo
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  42. Carlo La Vecchia
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Contributions

Study concept and design: GM, CP, CL and EN. Acquisition, processing and reporting of samples: RB, JH, KCJ, CSR, LML, RS, ZFZ, MD, NL, SM, DP, MF, GPY, ST, AH, MPC, EDN, DZ, DM, JV, MGH, LLC, RUHR, GSH, MHW, LM, RM, FP, AT, AK, RCK, AL, PL, SB, PB and MCC. Analysis and interpretation of the data: GM, CP, GA, MR and CL. Drafting of the manuscript: GM, CP, GA and CL. Critical revision of the manuscript: all authors.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Georgia Martimianaki.

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The participating studies were performed in accordance with laws, regulations and guidelines for the protection of human subjects (including consent from the participants) applicable at the time of study conduction, and in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. All identifying information was removed before data were pooled at the study coordinating centre located at the University of Milan. The StoP Project received ethical approval from the University of Milan Review Board (reference 19/15 on 01/04/2015).

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Martimianaki, G., Alicandro, G., Pelucchi, C. et al. Tea consumption and gastric cancer: a pooled analysis from the Stomach cancer Pooling (StoP) Project consortium. Br J Cancer 127, 726–734 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41416-022-01856-w

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