A study1 published in the BDJ about the dangers of using over the counter (OTC) teeth whitening products has prompted a large response in the media and dental world.
The study found that sodium chlorite, the active ingredient found in three over-the-counter products, could, in the presence of acid, 'significantly reduce the hardness of the teeth and increase the likeliness for future surface abrasions of the teeth.'
In Altmetrics - the system that measures the online attention an article receives and citations - the story had received a very high score of 921 by 13 March 2019, made up of coverage in 119 news outlets including the ITV news, Sky News, BBC World Service, Radio 5 live, and the Daily Mail and Independent newspapers.
The study set out to determine whether non-hydrogen peroxide OTC whitening products available in the UK were safe and to determine the lightening effect of those products.
The researchers, led by the University of Manchester Dental School, tested five non-hydrogen peroxide whitening products from Boots and Superdrug on extracted teeth and found that three of the products had the active ingredient sodium chlorite that could reduce the hardness of teeth when acid was present while also raising the likelihood of future surface abrasions.
The BDA advised caution in using these products saying they could be either ineffective or damage teeth. In addition, use of products that contained other chemicals that claimed to whiten teeth often failed to declare the exact chemicals used.
The trade union said it was aware that trading standards had seized DIY tooth whitening kits containing dangerous levels of hydrogen peroxide - more than 33% - highlighting the dangers that high level bleaching gels could cause, such as mouth infections, blistering and burns to gums, damage to nerves and tooth enamel, and gum-shrinking.
BDA Scientific Adviser, Professor Damien Walmsley said: 'At best, people may be wasting their money buying over the counter and online products to whiten teeth. Home whitening kits are likely to take longer and be less effective than treatment from the dentist.
'While hydrogen peroxide, as used in dental practices, is the gold standard for whitening teeth, the lack of clarity over chemicals used in over the counter and online products means you could be gambling with your teeth.
'Some online products have been found to contain dangerous chemicals, including toxic or banned substances that can severely burn gums, or irreparably damage teeth.
'Dentists are trained to consider a patient's wider health and detect problems, such as gum disease, that impact on the suitability of an individual to have their teeth whitened. They also know what whitening products are effective to use, and safe for teeth and gums.'
References
Greenwall-Cohen J, Francois P, Silikas N, Greenwall L, Le Goff S, Attal J P. The safety and efficacy of 'over the counter' bleaching products in the UK. Br Dent J 2019; 226: 271-276.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
BDJ study on dangers of teeth whitening products prompts large response. Br Dent J 226, 391 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41415-019-0188-8
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41415-019-0188-8
This article is cited by
-
Social media and tooth whitening: Intrinsically linked?
BDJ Student (2021)