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Comparison of HLA-mismatched unrelated donor transplantation with post-transplant cyclophosphamide versus HLA-haploidentical transplantation in patients with active acute myeloid leukemia

Bone Marrow Transplantation volume 57, pages 1657–1663 (2022)Cite this article

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A Correction to this article was published on 24 October 2022

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Abstract

HLA-haploidentical allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (Haplo-HCT) is frequently used as treatment for patients with active acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Here, we investigated whether 9/10 HLA-mismatched unrelated donor transplantation (MMUD-HCT) with post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) is an adequate alternative. Inclusion criteria in this retrospective registry study consisted of adult patients, first HCT with a Haplo donor or MMUD between 2010 and 2020 using PTCy as graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis, and primary refractory or relapsed disease. MMUD patients were pair-matched 1 to 2 with Haplo-recipients. A total of 73 MMUD patients met the inclusion criteria. Their data were compared to those of 146 Haplo patients in a matched-pair analysis. Median follow-up was 27 months in MMUD patients and 36 months in Haplo recipients. Two-year incidences of relapse and non-relapse mortality (NRM) were 40% and 18% in MMUD patients, respectively, versus 50% (P = 0.23) and 24% (P = 0.18) in Haplo recipients. Two-year leukemia-free survival (LFS) and overall survival (OS) was 42% and 46% in MMUD recipients, respectively, versus 26% (P = 0.1) and 28% (P = 0.061) in Haplo-patients. In conclusions, in AML patients with active disease at transplantation, MMUD-HCT results in at least comparable outcomes to Haplo-HCT when PTCy is applied.

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Fig. 1: Cumulative incidence of grade II–IV acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and severe GVHD and relapse-free survival (GRFS) according to donor type in patients given post-transplantation cyclophosphamide-based GVHD prophylaxis (P = 0.09).
Fig. 2: Transplantation outcomes according to donor type in patients given post-transplantation cyclophosphamide-based GVHD prophylaxis.

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Data availability

ML and MM had full access to all the data in the study. Data are available upon reasonable request. Please contact Dr Myriam Labopin (myriam.labopin@upmc.fr).

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Acknowledgements

We thank Emmanuelle Polge from the office of the ALWP of the EBMT. FB is Senior Research Associate at the National Fund for Scientific Research (FNRS) Belgium. FB is senior research associate at the FNRS.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Hematology, GIGA-I3, University of Liege and CHU of Liège, Liege, Belgium

    Frédéric Baron

  2. EBMT Paris Study Office/CEREST-TC, Paris, France

    Myriam Labopin & Mohamad Mohty

  3. Service d’Hématologie Clinique, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, AP-HP, Paris, France

    Myriam Labopin & Mohamad Mohty

  4. INSERM UMRs 938, Paris, France

    Myriam Labopin & Mohamad Mohty

  5. Sorbonne University, Paris, France

    Myriam Labopin & Mohamad Mohty

  6. University Hospital of Munich - Campus Grosshadern, LMU, Department of Internal Medicine III, München, Germany

    Johanna Tischer

  7. IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy

    Fabio Ciceri

  8. Ospedale San Martino, Department of Haematology II, Genova, Italy

    Anna Maria Raiola

  9. Programme de Transplantation &Therapie Cellulaire, Département d’hématologie Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Aix-Marseille University, Institut Paoli Calmettes, Marseille, France

    Didier Blaise

  10. Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy

    Simona Sica

  11. Sezione di Ematologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Radiologiche ed Ematologiche, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy

    Simona Sica

  12. Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic

    Jan Vydra

  13. Division of Hematology, University Hospital and DAME, Udine, Italy

    Renato Fanin

  14. Head of Hematology Department, Hospital G U Gregorio Marañon, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañon, Medicine Dpt. UCM, Madrid, Spain

    Jose Luis Diez-Martin

  15. CHU Grenoble Alpes - Université Grenoble Alpes, Service d’Hématologie, CS, 10217, Grenoble, France

    Claude Eric Bulabois

  16. Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany

    Friedrich Stölzel

  17. S.S.C.V.D Trapianto di Cellule Staminali A.O.U Citta della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy

    Alessandro Busca

  18. Department of Hematology/Oncology, Charles University Hospital, Pilsen, Czech Republic

    Pavel Jindra

  19. Medicana International Hospital Istanbul, Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, Istanbul, Turkey

    Yener Koc

  20. CHU Nantes, Department D’Hematologie, Nantes, France

    Patrice Chevallier

  21. Service d’Hématologie Clinique et Thérapie Cellulaire, CHU Bordeaux, F-33000, Bordeaux, France

    Edouard Forcade

  22. Department of Internal Medicine 5, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany

    Wolf Rösler

  23. University Hospital Hematology, Basel, Switzerland

    Jakob Passweg

  24. RM Gorbacheva Research Institute, Pavlov University, St. Petersburg, Russia

    Alexander Kulagin

  25. Ematologia e Centro Trapianti CSE Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy

    Angelo Michele Carella

  26. Hematology, ICANS, University Hospital, Strasbourg, France

    Celestine Simand

  27. Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon

    Ali Bazarbachi

  28. Ospedale San Gerardo, Clinica Ematologica dell’Universita Milano-Biocca, Monza, Italy

    Pietro Pioltelli

  29. Division of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat-Gan, Israel

    Arnon Nagler

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  1. Frédéric Baron
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Contributions

FBa wrote the manuscript, designed the study and interpreted the data. ML designed the study, performed the statistical analyses, interpreted the data and edited the manuscript. MM and AN designed the study, interpreted the data, and edited the manuscript. JT, FC, AMR, DB, SS, JV, RF, JLDM, CEB, FS, ABu, PJ, YK, PC, EF, WR, JP, AK, AMC, CS, Aba, and PP reviewed the manuscript and provided clinical data. All authors approved the final version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Frédéric Baron.

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FB has received travel grants and/or speaker honoraria from Pfizer, Celgene, Abbvie, Novartis and Sanofi. The other authors declare that they have no relevant conflict of interest.

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The original online version of this article was revised: The black and white version of the figures contained a mistake. The labels (« MMUD » and « Haplo ») of the curves were inverted. The author apologize for this error.

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Baron, F., Labopin, M., Tischer, J. et al. Comparison of HLA-mismatched unrelated donor transplantation with post-transplant cyclophosphamide versus HLA-haploidentical transplantation in patients with active acute myeloid leukemia. Bone Marrow Transplant 57, 1657–1663 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41409-022-01781-9

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