This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution
Access options
Subscribe to this journal
Receive 12 print issues and online access
$259.00 per year
only $21.58 per issue
Rent or buy this article
Prices vary by article type
from$1.95
to$39.95
Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout
Data availability
Anonymized patient data is available on request from the authors.
References
Friedman OM, Wodinsky I, Myles A. Cyclophosphamide (NSC-26271)-related phosphoramide mustards- recent advances and historical perspective. Cancer Treat Rep. 1976;60:337–46.
Kohn FR, Sladek NE. Aldehyde dehydrogenase activity as the basis for the relative insensitivity of murine pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells to oxazaphosphorines. Biochem Pharm. 1985;34:3465–71.
Goldberg MA, Antin JH, Guinan EC, Rappeport JM. Cyclophosphamide cardiotoxicity: an analysis of dosing as a risk factor. Blood. 1986;68:1114–8.
Yeh J, Whited L, Saliba RM, Rondon G, Banchs J, Shpall E, et al. Cardiac toxicity after matched allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant in the posttransplant cyclophosphamide era. Blood Adv. 2021;5:5599–607.
Appelbaum F, Strauchen J, Graw R, Savage D, Kent K, Ferrans V, et al. Acute lethal carditis caused by high-dose combination chemotherapy: a unique clinical and pathological entity. Orig Publ. 1976;307:58–62.
Kupari M. Cardiac involvement in bone marrow transplantation: electrocardiographic changes, arrhythmias, heart failure and autopsy findings. Bone Marrow Transpl. 1990;5:91–8.
Katayama M, Imai Y, Hashimoto H, Kurata M, Nagai K, Tamita K, et al. Fulminant fatal cardiotoxicity following cyclophosphamide therapy. J Cardiol. 2009;54:330–4.
Nakamae H, Tsumura K, Hino M, Hayashi T, Tatsumi N. QT dispersion as a predictor of acute heart failure after high-dose cyclophosphamide. Lancet. 2000;355:805–6.
Mori T, Yanagi N, Maruyama T, Gondo H, Okamura T, Kaji Y, et al. Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction induced by cyclophosphamide in blood stem cell transplantation. Jpn Heart J. 2002;43:249–61.
Löffler AI, Salerno M. Cardiac MRI for the evaluation of oncologic cardiotoxicity. J Nucl Cardiol Publ Am Soc Nucl Cardiol. 2018;25:2148–58.
Wadia S. Acute cyclophosphamide hemorrhagic myopericarditis: dilemma case report, literature review and proposed diagnostic criteria. J Clin Diagn Res JCDR. 2015;9:OE01–OE3.
Kamezaki K, Fukuda T, Makino S, Harada M. Cyclophosphamide-induced cardiomyopathy in a patient with seminoma and a history of mediastinal irradiation. Intern Med. 2005;44:120–3.
El-Sheikh A, Abdelzaher W, Gad A, Abdel-Gaber S. Purine versus non-purine xanthine oxidase inhibitors against cyclophosphamide-induced cardiac and bone marrow toxicity in rats. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2019;39:249–61.
Refaie MMM, Shehata S, El-Hussieny M, Abdelraheem WM, Bayoumi AMA. Role of ATP-sensitive potassium channel (KATP) and eNOS in mediating the protective effect of nicorandil in cyclophosphamide-induced cardiotoxicity. Cardiovasc Toxicol. 2020;20:71–81.
Pinto N, Ludeman SM, Dolan ME. Pharmacogenetic studies related to cyclophosphamide-based therapy. Pharmacogenomics. 2009;10:1897.
Acknowledgements
We thank the nursing and ancillary staff for providing excellent care for our patients and the physicians in various departments at Christian Medical College, Vellore for their significant contributions and dedicated patient care.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
SS collected data, provided clinical care, wrote, revised and edited the manuscript. ST and PCD collected data, provided clinical care and contributed to the manuscript. SL and UK provided clinical care, commented on and revised the manuscript. AA, VM and AS provided clinical care and commented on the manuscript. PG, JJ and EJ provided expert consultative clinical care, and revised the manuscript. TAK commented on and revised the manuscript. BG provided clinical care, contributed to critical review and editing of the manuscript. All authors approved submission of the manuscript for publication purposes.
Corresponding authors
Ethics declarations
Competing interests
The authors declare no competing interests.
Additional information
Publisher’s note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Supplementary information
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Selvarajan, S., Tammiraju, S., Lionel, S. et al. Cyclophosphamide induced haemorrhagic myocarditis-pericarditis: a rare but lethal complication in the setting of allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 57, 1464–1467 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41409-022-01745-z
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41409-022-01745-z
This article is cited by
-
Cyclophosphamide/fludarabine/melphalan
Reactions Weekly (2022)