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PTEN status assessment in the Johns Hopkins active surveillance cohort

Prostate Cancer and Prostatic Diseases volume 22, pages 176–181 (2019)Cite this article

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Abstract

Background

Up to half of men with Gleason score 6 (GS6) prostate cancers initially managed with active surveillance (AS) will eventually require definitive therapy, usually due to tumor grade reclassification during follow-up. We examined the association between PTEN status on biopsy and subsequent clinicopathologic outcomes in men with GS6 cancers who enrolled in AS.

Methods

We performed a case–control study of men enrolled in the Johns Hopkins AS cohort with diagnostic biopsy tissue available for immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. IHC was performed for PTEN using genetically validated protocols for all patients. Cases included men who underwent grade reclassification to GS ≥ 3 + 4 = 7 on biopsy within 2 years of follow-up (i.e., early reclassification) or reclassification to GS ≥ 4 + 3 = 7 on biopsy or radical prostatectomy during follow-up (i.e., extreme reclassification). Control patients were diagnosed with GS6 cancer and monitored on AS for at least 8 years without undergoing biopsy reclassification.

Results

Among 67 cases with adequate tissue, 31 men underwent early reclassification and 36 men underwent extreme reclassification. Cases were compared to 65 control patients with adequate tissue for assessment. On initial prostate biopsy, cases were older (median age 67 vs. 65, p = 0.024) and were less likely to meet very-low-risk criteria (64 vs 79%, p = 0.042) as compared to controls. Although not statistically significant, PTEN loss was observed in only 1 (1.5%) of 65 controls as compared to 6 (9%) of 67 cases (p = 0.062).

Conclusions

PTEN loss was rare among men with GS6 prostate cancer enrolled in AS at Johns Hopkins. Despite this, PTEN loss was more frequent among men who underwent early or extreme reclassification to higher-grade cancer as compared to controls. Additional studies in larger low-risk cohorts may better elucidate a potential role for PTEN in selecting patients for AS.

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Author information

Author notes

  1. These authors contributed equally: Jeffrey J. Tosoian, Liana B. Guedes

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Jeffrey J. Tosoian, Mufaddal Mamawala, Ashley E. Ross, Angelo M. De Marzo, Bruce J. Trock, Misop Han, H. Ballentine Carter & Tamara L. Lotan

  2. Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Liana B. Guedes, Carlos L. Morais, Ashley E. Ross, Angelo M. De Marzo & Tamara L. Lotan

  3. Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Angelo M. De Marzo & Tamara L. Lotan

Authors
  1. Jeffrey J. Tosoian
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  2. Liana B. Guedes
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  3. Carlos L. Morais
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  4. Mufaddal Mamawala
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  5. Ashley E. Ross
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  8. Misop Han
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  10. Tamara L. Lotan
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Tamara L. Lotan.

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Funding

Funding for this research was provided in part by a Transformative Impact Award from the CDMRP (W81XWH-13-2-0070, to TLL), the Patrick Walsh Prostate Cancer Research Fund, and NCI Cancer Center Support Grant 5P30CA006973.

Conflict of interest

TLL has received research support from Ventana Medical Systems.

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Tosoian, J.J., Guedes, L.B., Morais, C.L. et al. PTEN status assessment in the Johns Hopkins active surveillance cohort. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 22, 176–181 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41391-018-0093-2

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