Abstract
TP53 is the most commonly mutated gene in cancer and has been shown to form amyloid-like aggregates, similar to key proteins in neurodegenerative diseases. Nonetheless, the clinical implications of p53 aggregation remain unclear. Here, we investigated the presence and clinical relevance of p53 aggregates in serous ovarian cancer (OC). Using the p53-Seprion-ELISA, p53 aggregates were detected in 46 out of 81 patients, with a detection rate of 84.3% in patients with missense mutations. High p53 aggregation was associated with prolonged progression-free survival. We found associations of overall survival with p53 aggregates, but they did not reach statistical significance. Interestingly, p53 aggregation was significantly associated with elevated levels of p53 autoantibodies and increased apoptosis, suggesting that high levels of p53 aggregates may trigger an immune response and/or exert a cytotoxic effect. To conclude, for the first time, we demonstrated that p53 aggregates are an independent prognostic marker in serous OC. P53-targeted therapies based on the amount of these aggregates may improve the patient’s prognosis.
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Data availability
The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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Acknowledgements
We thank Mina Fogel (Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot, Israel), Silvia Darb-Esfahani, and Carsten Denkert (Department of Pathology, Charité University Medicine, Campus Charité, Berlin, Germany; CD current address: Institute of Pathology, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany) for preparing tissue microarrays as well as Reinhard Horvat (Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria) for the evaluation of the tumor cell percentage and p53 protein expression.
Funding
This study received support from Microsens Biotechnologies (London, UK) in the form of an in-kind contribution of Seprion-coated microplates and capture buffer. This work was supported by the Fellinger Krebsforschungsverein (project: “The role of p53 prions in ovarian cancer and possible implications” to EM); and the Sixth Framework Programme (FP6) Project of the European Union called “Ovarian Cancer: Diagnosis of a silent killer–OVCAD” (grant number LSHC-CT-2005-018698). The autoantibody assays were supported by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Early Detection Research Network (grant number 5 U01 CA200462-02 to RCB Jr); MD Anderson Ovarian SPOREs (grant numbers P50 CA83639, P50CA217685 to RCB Jr); National Cancer Institute, Department of Health and Human Services; the Cancer Prevention Research Institute of Texas (grant number RP160145 to RCB Jr); and generous donations from the Ann and Henry Zarrow Foundation, the Mossy Foundation, the Roberson Endowment, Stuart and Gaye Lynn Zarrow, Barry Elson, Arthur, and Sandra Williams. The Switch laboratory was supported by the Flanders Institute for Biotechnology (VIB, grant number C0401); KU Leuven (grant number C24E/19/070); The Research Foundation—Flanders (FWO, grant number IWT-SBO 140037); and the Stichting Tegen Kanker (grant number FAF-F/2018/1174). Funders had no role in the study design, data collection, data analyses, interpretation, or writing of the report and the decision to submit the paper for publication.
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NH: conceptualization, data curation, formal analysis, investigation, methodology, visualization, writing—original draft; EM: conceptualization, funding acquisition, investigation, writing—review and editing; KK, RCB, EO, FR, and JS: writing—review and editing; CSW and GH: formal analysis, writing—review and editing; WLY, ES, and BH: investigation; JS, EIB, IV, TVG, SM, VP, CG, and NC: resources, writing—review and editing; RZ: conceptualization, funding acquisition, project administration, supervision, writing—review and editing. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
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All authors have read the journal’s authorship agreement and policy on disclosure of potential conflicts of interest and report the following conflict of interests: NH: Employment: OncoLab Diagnostics GmbH; Patents, Royalties, Other Intellectual Property: European Patent Application No. 21197391.2, titled “METHOD OF DETERMINING TUMOR-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN AGGREGATES”; Travel, Accommodations, Expenses: OncoLab Diagnostics GmbH; JS: Consulting for: Eisai, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Genmab, GSK, Karyopharm, MSD, Novocure, Novartis, AstraZeneca, Clovis; Grant/Corporate Sponsored Research: Amgen, F. Hoffmann-La Roche; Accommodations, travel expenses: MSD, Tesaro, AstraZeneca, GSK F. Hoffmann-La Roche; EIB: Advisory Board, Steering Committees: AstraZeneca, Clovis, GSK-Tesaro, MSD, EISAI, Roche; Travel, Accommodations, Expenses: AstraZeneca, Clovis, Roche, Tesaro; Research Funding: AstraZeneca, Bayer, GSK, MSD-Merck, Roche Diagnostics; IV: Consulting for: Agenus, Aksebio, AstraZeneca, Bristol Myers Squibb (2021), Deciphera Pharmaceuticals, Eisai, Elevar Therapeutics, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Genmab, GSK, Immunogen Inc., Jazzpharma, Karyopharm, Mersana, MSD, Novocure, Novartis, Oncoinvent AS, Seagen, Sotio a.s., Verastem Oncology, Zentalis; Contracted Research (via KU Leuven): Oncoinvent AS (2019-20); Grant/Corporate Sponsored Research: Amgen, F. Hoffmann-La Roche; Accommodations, travel expenses: Amgen, MSD, Tesaro, AstraZeneca, Karyopharm, F. Hoffmann-La Roche; TVG: Consulting for: AstraZeneca, Eisai Europe, OncXerna Therapeutics, MSD/Merck, GSK; Grant/Corporate Sponsored Research: Amgen, Roche; Accommodations, travel expenses: Immunogen, MSD, AstraZeneca, PharmaMar; SM: Research support, advisory board, honoraria and travel expenses: AbbVie, AstraZeneca, Clovis, Eisai, GlaxoSmithKline, Medac, MSD, Novartis, Olympus, PharmaMar, Pfizer, Roche, Sensor Kinesis, Teva, Tesaro; CG: Consulting for: AstraZeneca, Celgene, MSD, PharmaMar, Roche, GSK, Vifor Pharma, Clovis; Grant/Corporate Sponsored Research: Meda Pharma, Roche Diagnostics, AstraZeneca; Accommodations, travel expenses: AstraZeneca, PharmaMar, Roche, GSK; NC: Consulting/Advisory: Seagen, Akesobio, Ensai, GSK, AstraZeneca, Mersana, Seattle Genetics, eTheRNA immunotherapies NV; Travel Expenses: Roche, Genmab, Amgen; Educational fees: MSD, Medscape Oncology, TouchIME; RZ: Employment: OncoLab Diagnostics GmbH; Leadership: OncoLab Diagnostics GmbH; Stock and Other Ownership Interests: OncoLab Diagnostics GmbH; Patents, Royalties, Other Intellectual Property: European Patent Application No. 21197391.2, titled “METHOD OF DETERMINING TUMOR-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN AGGREGATES”; Patents at OncoLab Diagnostics GmbH. The other authors have no additional financial interests.
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Heinzl, N., Maritschnegg, E., Koziel, K. et al. Amyloid-like p53 as prognostic biomarker in serous ovarian cancer—a study of the OVCAD consortium. Oncogene 42, 2473–2484 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41388-023-02758-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41388-023-02758-8