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Interleukin-1 receptor on hippocampal neurons drives social withdrawal and cognitive deficits after chronic social stress

Molecular Psychiatry volume 26, pages 4770–4782 (2021)Cite this article

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Abstract

Chronic stress contributes to the development of psychiatric disorders including anxiety and depression. Several inflammatory-related effects of stress are associated with increased interleukin-1 (IL-1) signaling within the central nervous system and are mediated by IL-1 receptor 1 (IL-1R1) on several distinct cell types. Neuronal IL-1R1 is prominently expressed on the neurons of the dentate gyrus, but its role in mediating behavioral responses to stress is unknown. We hypothesize that IL-1 acts on this subset of hippocampal neurons to influence cognitive and mood alterations with stress. Here, mice subjected to psychosocial stress showed reduced social interaction and impaired working memory, and these deficits were prevented by global IL-1R1 knockout. Stress-induced monocyte trafficking to the brain was also blocked by IL-1R1 knockout. Selective deletion of IL-1R1 in glutamatergic neurons (nIL-1R1−/−) abrogated the stress-induced deficits in social interaction and working memory. In addition, viral-mediated selective IL-1R1 deletion in hippocampal neurons confirmed that IL-1 receptor in the hippocampus was critical for stress-induced behavioral deficits. Furthermore, selective restoration of IL-1R1 on glutamatergic neurons was sufficient to reestablish the impairments of social interaction and working memory after stress. RNA-sequencing of the hippocampus revealed that stress increased several canonical pathways (TREM1, NF-κB, complement, IL-6 signaling) and upstream regulators (INFγ, IL-1β, NF-κB, MYD88) associated with inflammation. The inductions of TREM1 signaling, complement, and leukocyte extravasation with stress were reversed by nIL-1R1−/−. Collectively, stress-dependent IL-1R1 signaling in hippocampal neurons represents a novel mechanism by which inflammation is perpetuated and social interactivity and working memory are modulated.

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Fig. 1: Stress-induced social withdrawal and working memory deficits are dependent on IL-1R1.
Fig. 2: IL-1R1 is required for vascular adhesion and monocyte accumulation with social stress.
Fig. 3: IL-1R1 on glutamatergic neurons is sufficient for stress-induced social withdrawal and working memory deficits.
Fig. 4: Hippocampal-specific knockout of the neuronal IL-1 receptor is sufficient to eliminate stress-induced behavioral changes.
Fig. 5: Stress-induced hippocampal gene expression is mediated by IL-1R1 on glutamatergic neurons.

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Data availability

The RNA-sequencing data discussed in this publication have been deposited in NCBI's Gene Expression Omnibus (DiSabato et al., 2020) and are accessible through GEO Series accession number GSE149195 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE149195).

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by NIMH R01-MH-109165 and R21-MH-099482 (to NQ), NIMH R01-MH-119670 and NIMH R01-MH-116670 (to JPG and JFS), and NIA R01-AG-051902 (to JPG). DJD, DPN, and SO were supported by a National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research Training Grant T32-DE-014320 (to JFS). XL and KGW were supported by the OSU Presidential Fellowship. Our RNA-sequencing was made possible by an allotment of resources from the Ohio Supercomputing Center.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA

    Damon J. DiSabato, Kristina G. Witcher, Shane M. O’Neil, John F. Sheridan & Jonathan P. Godbout

  2. Division of Biosciences, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA

    Damon J. DiSabato, Daniel P. Nemeth, Shane M. O’Neil & John F. Sheridan

  3. Department of Biomedical Science, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine and Brain Institute, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, FL, USA

    Xiaoyu Liu & Ning Quan

  4. Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA

    Braedan Oliver, Chelsea E. Bray, John F. Sheridan & Jonathan P. Godbout

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DiSabato, D.J., Nemeth, D.P., Liu, X. et al. Interleukin-1 receptor on hippocampal neurons drives social withdrawal and cognitive deficits after chronic social stress. Mol Psychiatry 26, 4770–4782 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-020-0788-3

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