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The Consortium on Vulnerability to Externalizing Disorders and Addictions (c-VEDA): an accelerated longitudinal cohort of children and adolescents in India

Molecular Psychiatry volume 25, pages 1618–1630 (2020)Cite this article

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Abstract

The global burden of disease attributable to externalizing disorders such as alcohol misuse calls urgently for effective prevention and intervention. As our current knowledge is mainly derived from high-income countries such in Europe and North-America, it is difficult to address the wider socio-cultural, psychosocial context, and genetic factors in which risk and resilience are embedded in low- and medium-income countries. c-VEDA was established as the first and largest India-based multi-site cohort investigating the vulnerabilities for the development of externalizing disorders, addictions, and other mental health problems. Using a harmonised data collection plan coordinated with multiple cohorts in China, USA, and Europe, baseline data were collected from seven study sites between November 2016 and May 2019. Nine thousand and ten participants between the ages of 6 and 23 were assessed during this time, amongst which 1278 participants underwent more intensive assessments including MRI scans. Both waves of follow-ups have started according to the accelerated cohort structure with planned missingness design. Here, we present descriptive statistics on several key domains of assessments, and the full baseline dataset will be made accessible for researchers outside the consortium in September 2019. More details can be found on our website [cveda.org].

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Fig. 1: c-VEDA study design.
Fig. 2: Strength & Difficulties Questionnaire subscale scores by age in c-VEDA versus ALSPAC, and amongst c-VEDA participants, those who live in urban areas versus rural areas, as well as those experienced no childhood adversity defined by the frequent scale of Adverse Childhood Experience Questionnaire, versus those experienced at least one type of childhood adversity.

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Funding

c-VEDA is jointly funded by the Indian Council for Medical Research (ICMR/MRC/3/M/2015-NCD-I) and the Newton Grant from the Medical Research Council (MR/N000390/1), United Kingdom.

The c-VEDA consortium

Vivek Benegal29, Gunter Schumann30, Pratima Murthy31, Bharath Holla31, Eesha Sharma32, Meera Purushottam33, Rose Dawn Bharath34, Sanjeev Jain31, Mathew Varghese31, Thennarasu Kandavel35, Deepak Jayarajan31, Keshav Kumar36, Preeti Jacob32, Amit Chakrabarti37, Rajkumar Lenin Singh38, Roshan Lourembam Singh38, Debasish Basu39, Subodh Bhagyalakshmi Nanjayya39, Chirag Kumar Ahuja40, Kartik Kalyanram41, Kamakshi Kartik41, Kumaran Kalyanram42, Krishnaveni Ghattu42, Murali Krishna43, Rebecca Kuriyan44, Sunita Simon Kurpad45, Sylvane Desrivieres30, Gareth Barker46, Udita Iyengar30, Yuning Zhang30, Nilakshi Vaidya30, Matthew Hickman47, Jon Heron48, Gwen Fernandes49, Mireille Toledano50, Dimitri Papadopoulos Orfanos51, Madhavi Rangaswamy52, Gitanjali Narayanan53, Urvakhsh Meherwan Mehta31, Paul Elliott50, Satish Chandra Girimaji32, Madhu Khullar54, Niranjan Khandelwal55, Nainesh Joshi54, Amit55, Debangana Bhattacharya56, Bidisha Haque56, Arpita Ghosh56, Alisha Nagraj56, Anirban Basu56, Mriganka Mouli Pandit56, Subhadip Das56, Anupa Yadav56, Surajit Das56, Sanjit Roy56, Pawan Kumar Maurya56, Ningthoujam Debala Chanu38, Fujica M C38, Victoria Ph.38, Celina Phurailatpam38, Amritha Gourisankar41, Geetha Rani41, Sujatha B41, Caroline Fall57, Kiran K N42, Ramya M C42, Chaithra Urs42, Santhosh N42, Somashekhara R42, Divyashree K42, Arathi Rao44, Poornima R44, Saswathika Tripathy29, Neha Parashar29, Dhanalakshmi D29, Nayana K B29, Ashwini Kalkunte Seshadri29, Sathish Kumar29, Thamodaran Arumugam29, Apoorva Safai29, Suneela Kuman Baligar29, Anthony Mary Cyril29, Aanchal Sharda29, Rashmitha29, Ashika Anne Roy29, Shivamma D29, Kiran L29, Bhavana B R29

Author information

Author notes

  1. These authors contributed equally: Yuning Zhang, Nilakshi Vaidya, Vivek Benegal, Gunter Schumann

  2. The c-VEDA consortium (www.cveda.org) authors and affiliations are listed in the Supplementary Materials

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine (PONS), MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK

    Yuning Zhang, Nilakshi Vaidya, Udita Iyengar, Sylvane Desrivieres & Gunter Schumann

  2. Centre for Innovation in Mental Health, School of Psychology, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK

    Yuning Zhang

  3. Centre for Addiction Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India

    Nilakshi Vaidya, Pratima Murthy & Vivek Benegal

  4. Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India

    Eesha Sharma & Preeti Jacob

  5. Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India

    Bharath Holla, Sanjeev Jain, Deepak Jayarajan, Pratima Murthy & Mathew Varghese

  6. Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India

    Chirag K. Ahuja

  7. Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychology, Psychiatry & Neuroscience, London, King’s College, London, UK

    Gareth J. Barker

  8. Department of Psychiatry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India

    Debasish Basu & B. N. Subodh

  9. Department of Neuroimaging and Interventional Radiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India

    Rose Dawn Bharath

  10. ICMR-Regional Occupational Health Centre, Kolkata, India

    Amit Chakrabarti

  11. MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK

    Paul Elliott & Mireille Toledano

  12. Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK

    Gwen Fernandes

  13. Rishi Valley Rural Health Centre, Rishi Valley, India

    Amritha Gourisankar, Kartik Kalyanram & Kamakshi Kartik

  14. Centre for Public Health, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK

    Jon Heron

  15. Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK

    Matthew Hickman

  16. Foundation for Research and Advocacy in Mental Health, Mysuru, India

    Murali Krishna

  17. Epidemiology Research Unit, CSI Holdsworth Memorial Hospital, Mysuru, India

    Ghattu Krishnaveni & Kalyanaraman Kumaran

  18. Department of Mental Health and Clinical Psychology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India

    Keshav Kumar

  19. MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK

    Kalyanaraman Kumaran

  20. Division of Nutrition, St John’s Research Institute, Bengaluru, India

    Rebecca Kuriyan

  21. NeuroSpin, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France

    Dimitri P. Orfanos

  22. Molecular Genetics Laboratory, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India

    Meera Purushottam

  23. Department of Psychology, CHRIST (deemed to be university), Bengaluru, India

    Madhavi Rangaswamy

  24. Department of Psychiatry & Department of Medical Ethics, St. John’s Medical College & Hospital, Bengaluru, India

    Sunita Simon Kupard

  25. Department of Psychiatry, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur, India

    Lenin Singh & Roshan Singh

  26. Department of Biostatistics, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India

    Kandavel Thennarasu

  27. Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine (PONS), LIN-Charite Research Group Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charite, CCM, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany

    Gunter Schumann

  28. Institute for Science and Technology of Brain-inspired Intelligence (ISTBI), Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China

    Gunter Schumann

  29. Centre for Addiction Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India

    Vivek Benegal, Saswathika Tripathy, Neha Parashar, Dhanalakshmi D, Nayana K B, Ashwini Kalkunte Seshadri, Sathish Kumar, Thamodaran Arumugam, Apoorva Safai, Suneela Kuman Baligar, Anthony Mary Cyril, Aanchal Sharda,  Rashmitha, Ashika Anne Roy, Shivamma D, Kiran L & Bhavana B R

  30. Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine, MRC Social, Genetic, Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychology, Psychiatry & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK

    Gunter Schumann, Sylvane Desrivieres, Udita Iyengar, Yuning Zhang & Nilakshi Vaidya

  31. Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India

    Pratima Murthy, Bharath Holla, Sanjeev Jain, Mathew Varghese, Deepak Jayarajan & Urvakhsh Meherwan Mehta

  32. Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India

    Eesha Sharma, Preeti Jacob & Satish Chandra Girimaji

  33. Molecular Genetics Laboratory, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India

    Meera Purushottam

  34. Department of Neuroimaging and Interventional Radiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India

    Rose Dawn Bharath

  35. Department of Biostatistics, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India

    Thennarasu Kandavel

  36. Department of Mental Health and Clinical Psychology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India

    Keshav Kumar

  37. ICMR-Regional Occupational Health Centre, Kolkata, India

    Amit Chakrabarti

  38. Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur, India

    Rajkumar Lenin Singh, Roshan Lourembam Singh, Ningthoujam Debala Chanu, Fujica M C, Victoria Ph. & Celina Phurailatpam

  39. Department of Psychiatry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India

    Debasish Basu & Subodh Bhagyalakshmi Nanjayya

  40. Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India

    Chirag Kumar Ahuja

  41. Rishi Valley, Rural Health Centre, Madanapalle, Andhra Pradesh, India

    Kartik Kalyanram, Kamakshi Kartik, Amritha Gourisankar, Geetha Rani & Sujatha B

  42. Epidemiology Research Unit, CSI Holdsworth Memorial Hospital, Mysore, India

    Kumaran Kalyanram, Krishnaveni Ghattu, Kiran K N, Ramya M C, Chaithra Urs, Santhosh N, Somashekhara R & Divyashree K

  43. Foundation for Research and Advocacy in Mental Health, Mysore, India

    Murali Krishna

  44. Division of Nutrition, St John’s Research Institute, Bangalore, India

    Rebecca Kuriyan, Arathi Rao & Poornima R

  45. Department of Psychiatry & Department of Medical Ethics, St. John’s Medical College & Hospital, Bangalore, India

    Sunita Simon Kurpad

  46. Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychology, Psychiatry & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK

    Gareth Barker

  47. Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK

    Matthew Hickman

  48. Centre for Public Health, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK

    Jon Heron

  49. Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK

    Gwen Fernandes

  50. MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK

    Mireille Toledano & Paul Elliott

  51. NeuroSpin, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France

    Dimitri Papadopoulos Orfanos

  52. Department of Psychology, Christ University, Bangalore, India

    Madhavi Rangaswamy

  53. Department of Clinical Psychology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India

    Gitanjali Narayanan

  54. Department of Experimental Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India

    Madhu Khullar & Nainesh Joshi

  55. Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India

    Niranjan Khandelwal &  Amit

  56. ICMR-Regional Occupational Health Centre, Eastern, Kolkata, India

    Debangana Bhattacharya, Bidisha Haque, Arpita Ghosh, Alisha Nagraj, Anirban Basu, Mriganka Mouli Pandit, Subhadip Das, Anupa Yadav, Surajit Das, Sanjit Roy & Pawan Kumar Maurya

  57. MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southamtpon, Southamtpon, UK

    Caroline Fall

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Consortia

The c-VEDA consortium

  • Vivek Benegal
  • , Gunter Schumann
  • , Pratima Murthy
  • , Bharath Holla
  • , Eesha Sharma
  • , Meera Purushottam
  • , Rose Dawn Bharath
  • , Sanjeev Jain
  • , Mathew Varghese
  • , Thennarasu Kandavel
  • , Deepak Jayarajan
  • , Keshav Kumar
  • , Preeti Jacob
  • , Amit Chakrabarti
  • , Rajkumar Lenin Singh
  • , Roshan Lourembam Singh
  • , Debasish Basu
  • , Subodh Bhagyalakshmi Nanjayya
  • , Chirag Kumar Ahuja
  • , Kartik Kalyanram
  • , Kamakshi Kartik
  • , Kumaran Kalyanram
  • , Krishnaveni Ghattu
  • , Murali Krishna
  • , Rebecca Kuriyan
  • , Sunita Simon Kurpad
  • , Sylvane Desrivieres
  • , Gareth Barker
  • , Udita Iyengar
  • , Yuning Zhang
  • , Nilakshi Vaidya
  • , Matthew Hickman
  • , Jon Heron
  • , Gwen Fernandes
  • , Mireille Toledano
  • , Dimitri Papadopoulos Orfanos
  • , Madhavi Rangaswamy
  • , Gitanjali Narayanan
  • , Urvakhsh Meherwan Mehta
  • , Paul Elliott
  • , Satish Chandra Girimaji
  • , Madhu Khullar
  • , Niranjan Khandelwal
  • , Nainesh Joshi
  • ,  Amit
  • , Debangana Bhattacharya
  • , Bidisha Haque
  • , Arpita Ghosh
  • , Alisha Nagraj
  • , Anirban Basu
  • , Mriganka Mouli Pandit
  • , Subhadip Das
  • , Anupa Yadav
  • , Surajit Das
  • , Sanjit Roy
  • , Pawan Kumar Maurya
  • , Ningthoujam Debala Chanu
  • , Fujica M C
  • , Victoria Ph.
  • , Celina Phurailatpam
  • , Amritha Gourisankar
  • , Geetha Rani
  • , Sujatha B
  • , Caroline Fall
  • , Kiran K N
  • , Ramya M C
  • , Chaithra Urs
  • , Santhosh N
  • , Somashekhara R
  • , Divyashree K
  • , Arathi Rao
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  • , Saswathika Tripathy
  • , Neha Parashar
  • , Dhanalakshmi D
  • , Nayana K B
  • , Ashwini Kalkunte Seshadri
  • , Sathish Kumar
  • , Thamodaran Arumugam
  • , Apoorva Safai
  • , Suneela Kuman Baligar
  • , Anthony Mary Cyril
  • , Aanchal Sharda
  • ,  Rashmitha
  • , Ashika Anne Roy
  • , Shivamma D
  • , Kiran L
  •  & Bhavana B R

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Correspondence to Vivek Benegal or Gunter Schumann.

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Zhang, Y., Vaidya, N., Iyengar, U. et al. The Consortium on Vulnerability to Externalizing Disorders and Addictions (c-VEDA): an accelerated longitudinal cohort of children and adolescents in India. Mol Psychiatry 25, 1618–1630 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-020-0656-1

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