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Coffee consumption and risk of hypertension: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of cohort studies

Journal of Human Hypertension volume 32, pages 83–93 (2018)Cite this article

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Abstract

Some debates exist regarding the association of coffee consumption with hypertension risk. We performed a meta-analysis including dose–response analysis aimed to derive a more quantitatively precise estimation of this association. PubMed and Embase were searched for cohort studies published up to 18 July 2017. Fixed-effects generalized least-squares regression models were used to assess the quantitative association between coffee consumption and hypertension risk across studies. Restricted cubic spline was used to model the dose–response association. We identified eight articles (10 studies) investigating the risk of hypertension with the level of coffee consumption, including 243,869 individuals and 58,094 incident cases of hypertension. We found no evidence of a nonlinear dose–response association of coffee consumption and hypertension (P nonlinearity = 0.243). The risk of hypertension was reduced by 2% (relative risk (RR) = 0.98, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.98–0.99) with each one cup/day increment of coffee consumption. With the linear cubic spline model, the RRs of hypertension risk were 0.97 (95% CI 0.95–0.99), 0.95 (95% CI 0.91–0.99), 0.92 (95% CI 0.87–0.98), and 0.90 (95% CI 0.83–0.97) for 2, 4, 6, and 8 cups/day, respectively, compared with individuals with no coffee intakes. This meta-analysis provides quantitative evidence that consumption of coffee was inversely associated with the risk of hypertension in a dose–response manner.

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported by the National Social Science Foundation of China (Grant number 15BSH043). This research was supported by the National Social Science Foundation of China (Grant number 15BSH043). The National Social Science Foundation of China had no role in the design/conduct of the study, collection/analysis interpretation of the data, and preparation/review approval of the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China

    Chen Xie, Lingling Cui, Jicun Zhu & Changqing Sun

  2. The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, People’s Road, Henan, China

    Kehui Wang

  3. Terry College of Business, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA

    Nan Sun

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  1. Chen Xie
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Correspondence to Changqing Sun.

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Xie, C., Cui, L., Zhu, J. et al. Coffee consumption and risk of hypertension: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of cohort studies. J Hum Hypertens 32, 83–93 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41371-017-0007-0

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