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Phylogenetic analysis of the Y-chromosome haplogroup C2b-F1067, a dominant paternal lineage in Eastern Eurasia

Journal of Human Genetics volume 65, pages 823–829 (2020)Cite this article

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Abstract

Human Y-chromosome haplogroup C2b-F1067 is one of the dominant paternal lineages of populations in Eastern Eurasia. In order to explore the origin, diversification, and expansion of this haplogroup, we generated 206 new Y-chromosome sequences from C2b-F1067 males and coanalyzed 220 Y-chromosome sequences of this haplogroup. BEAST software was used to reconstruct a revised phylogenetic tree of haplogroup C2b-F1067 with age estimates. The revised phylogeny of C2b-F1067 included 155 sublineages, 1986 non-private variants, and >6000 private variants. The age estimation suggested that the initial splitting of C2b-F1067 happened at about 32.8 thousand years ago (kya) and the major sublineages of this haplgroup experienced continuous expansion in the most recent 10,000 years. We identified numerous sublineages that were nearly specific for Korean, Mongolian, Chinese, and other ethnic minorities in China. In particular, we evaluated the candidate-specific lineage for the Dayan Khan family and the Confucius family, the descendants of the ruling family of the Chinese Shang dynasty. These findings suggest that ancient populations with varied C2b-F1067 sublineages played an important role during the formation of most modern populations in Eastern Eurasia, and thus eventually became the founding paternal lineages of these populations.

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Acknowledgements

We thank all donors for providing DNA samples and/or DNA sequences. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31900406 to LHW). LHW was also supported Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (20720191047). This study was also supported by the Scientific and Technology Committee of Shanghai Municipality (18490750300).

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Author notes

  1. These authors contributed equally: Qiao Wu, Hui-Zhen Cheng

Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Science, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, 200438, Shanghai, China

    Qiao Wu & Da-Ru Lu

  2. Department of Anthropology and Ethnology, Institute of Anthropology, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China

    Hui-Zhen Cheng, Jin Sun, Yan-Huan Cai & Lan-Hai Wei

  3. College of Foreign Languages, Huaqiao University, 362021, Quanzhou, China

    Na Sun

  4. School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, China

    Peng-Cheng Ma

  5. Key Laboratory of Evidence Science of Gansu Province, Gansu University of Political Science and Law, Lanzhou, China

    Hong-Bing Yao

  6. Laboratory for Human Biology and Human Genetics, Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, School of Ethnology and Anthropology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, 010022, Hohhot, China

    Yong-Mei Xie & Yong-Lan Li

  7. School of History and Ethnic Culture, Hulunbuir University, 021008, Hulunbuir, China

    Song-Lin Meng

  8. National Center for Biotechnology, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan

    Maxat Zhabagin

  9. B&R International Joint Laboratory for Eurasian Anthropology, Fudan University, 20043, Shanghai, China

    Maxat Zhabagin & Lan-Hai Wei

  10. Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

    Shi Yan

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Wu, Q., Cheng, HZ., Sun, N. et al. Phylogenetic analysis of the Y-chromosome haplogroup C2b-F1067, a dominant paternal lineage in Eastern Eurasia. J Hum Genet 65, 823–829 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s10038-020-0775-1

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