Abstract
ABSTRACT: An infant girl presented with recurrent episodes of Reye-like syndrome associated with hypoketosis and plasma carnitine levels in the high-normal range. A liver biopsy revealed massive macrovesicular steatosis. Ketogenesis was absent after a long-chain triglyceride loading test; in contrast, the medium-chain triglyceride loading test resulted in a brisk rise in plasma ketone concentration. Carnitine palmitoyltransferase I deficiency was demonstrated in cultured skin fibroblasts. Hypoglycemia was only found once in the neonatal period. Renal carnitine handling was normal except for a higher renal threshold for free carnitine. Mild, persistent metabolic acidosis was a constant feature, even during periods between metabolic decompensation. Evaluation of the renal acidification capacity showed a failure to acidify the urine during spontaneous acidosis but increased acid excretion and a normal decrease of urinary pH after acid loading. Also, a small difference between urine and blood was found after bicarbonate administration. This acidification defect can best be explained as an abnormality in distal tubular H+ secretion: a rate-dependent distal tubular acidosis. It is speculated that long-chain acylcarnitines, substances that cannot be formed by carnitine palmitoyltransferase I-deficient patients, play an essential role in renal acid-base homeostasis.
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Bergman, A., Donckerwolcke, R., Duran, M. et al. Rate-Dependent Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis and Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase I Deficiency. Pediatr Res 36, 582–587 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1203/00006450-199411000-00007
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1203/00006450-199411000-00007
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