Abstract
2-Methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride (MMAC) was polymerized in the presence of poly(sodium acrylate) as the template polymer and potassium persulfate as the initiator in water. The polymerization was accompanied by the precipitation of complex of poly(MMAC) and poly(sodium acrylate). A negative template effect (polymerization rate reduction) was observed when the template of low degree of polymerization (Pn) was used, while increase of Pn of the template decreased such negative effect. Coexistence of the template and sodium chloride to increase ionic strength of the reaction medium showed great negative template effect even by using the template of high Pn. The results were interpreted based on zip and pick-up mechanisms. The polymerization of MMAC took place thermally in the presence of the template of high Pn, indicating the effect of organization of the monomer.
Similar content being viewed by others
Article PDF
References
C. M. Paleos ed,“Polymenzation in Organized Media,” Gordon & Breach, Philadelphia, PA, 1992.
Y. Y. Tan and G. Challa, “Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Engineering,” Vol. 16. Wiley, New York, N.Y., 1989, p 554.
Y. Y. Tan and G. Challa, Makromol. Chem. Macromol. Symp., 10/11, 215 (1987).
Y. Y. Tan, Prog. Polym. Sci., 19, 561 (1994).
J. C. Salamone, B. Snider, and W. I. Fitch, J. Polym. Sci., Part A-1, 9, 1493 (1971).
V. A. Kabanov, O. V. Kargina, and M. V. Ulyanova, J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Chem. Ed., 14, 2351 (1976).
C. Klein, Makromol. Chem., 161, 85 (1972).
A. Chapiro, Eur. Polym. J., 9, 417 (1973).
C. M. Paleos and P. Dais, J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Chem. Ed., 16, 1495 (1978).
S. Aoki and Y. Morimoto, Colloid Polym. Sci., 273, 733 (1995).
Y. Yasuda, K. Rindo, R. Tsushima, and S. Aoki, Makromol. Chem., 194, 1893 (1993).
Y. Kurokawa, N. Shirakawa, M. Terada, and N. Yui, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 25, 1645 (1980).
J. Matuszewska-Czerwik and S. Polowinski, Eur. Polym. J., 26, 549 (1990).
K. Hayakawa, J. P. Santerre, and J. C. T. Kwak, Macromolecules, 16, 1642 (1983).
Both propagation and termination rate constants in the template polymerization were lower by several orders of magnitude than those in the polymerization without template, based on increased steric effect and lowered mobility of growing macro-radicals.
J. Matuszewska-Czerwik and S. Polowinski, Eur. Polym. J., 27, 1335 (1991).
J. Matuszewska-Czerwik and S. Polowinski, Eur. Polym. J., 28, 1481 (1992).
S. Aoki and Y. Yasuda, Kobunshi (High Polymers, Jpn.), 43, 539 (1994).
Y. Yasuda. K. Rindo, and S. Aoki, Polym. J., 25, 1203 (1993).
The thermal polymerization experiments were performed very cautiously to remove oxygen by repeating the following procedure several times; evacuating the space of the glass tube containing the frozen monomer-template solution by applying high vacuum, filling the space by purified nitrogen, defrosting the frozen solution, applying a ultrasonic vibration, and then freezing the contents at dry-ice temperature. When thermal polymerization was attempted by the ordinary method, the polymerization scarcely proceeded.
The possibility of radical formation from a peroxide as an unexpected impurity in the monomer or the template was contradicted by the finding that the addition of sodium sulfite as a reducing agent into the polymerization system actually reduced the polymerization rate.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Aoki, S., Kihara, Y. Polymerization of 2-Methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium Chloride Organized on Poly(sodium acrylate) Template. Polym J 28, 880–885 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1295/polymj.28.880
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1295/polymj.28.880